英美概况 教学配套课件 齐智英 unit 4.pdfVIP

LOGO Unit Four British and American Economy 《英美概况》 主编：齐智英 Contents 1 Features of the British and American Economy 2 British and American Industry 3 British and Amrican Agricuture 4 British and American Trade and Finance 《英美概况》 主编：齐智英 Unit Four  4.1 Features of the British and Amrican Economy  4.1.1 Features of the British Economy Britain is one of the world’s most advanced manufacturing and trading nations. Its currency, the pound sterling, is the exchange currency for about one third of the world’s foreign trade. But after World War II, the growth of its total and per capital income and output lagged behind that of other industrialized economies, and as a result the country dropped from second place in terms of per capital income in 1938, to perhaps, tenth place by 1970. Unit FourUnit Four  The British economy was the first to have been fully industrialized. Its Industrial Revolution took place between 1750 and 1850. The location of its industries, its transportation network, and many of its economic institutions bear the traces of having been designed originally for the technological requirements of the early 19th century.  As early as 1851, when most of the world’s population was still engaged in agriculture, the proportion of the British labor force employed in agriculture, forestry, and fishing was only 21.7%. By contrast, industry employed 42.9 %, trade and transportation 15.8 %, and services 19.7%. The proportion employed in