专业四级语法与词汇辅导_.docVIP

语法与词汇部分应试技巧 考试要求： 熟练掌握专四考试大纲一级至四级的所有语法结构，5500至6000个单词，认识其中的3000至4000个词汇及其基本搭配；考试时间为15分钟。 考试形式： 考试题型为选择题，共30题，总分25分。其中50%为词汇、词组及短语题；50%为语法结构题。语法结构题主要考一些难点，如：时态，虚拟语气、状语从句、定语从句、独立主格及情态动词等。 授课安排：(语法考试的5个方面以及词汇练习) Week 1 时态、语态、主谓一致，近义词辨析，相关真题 Week 2 从句，形近义异词辨析，相关真题 Week 3 虚拟语气，短语动词，相关真题 Week 4 非谓语动词，固定搭配，相关真题 Week 5 倒装、省略、比较结构及其他，相关真题 同时给出模拟题答案，集中模拟题上的问题，统一解答。 Week One 时态、语态、主谓一致 时态： 在由(till, until, up till, up until) now, so far, up to the present, by far, by now ，recently等短语做状语的句子中一般用现在完成时。 在It is the first (second…) time that… 句型中，一般用现在完成时，而当谓语动词是was 时，要用过去完成时。 It was the first time (1990) that I had been here. 现在进行时与过去进行时都可以与continually, constantly, forever, always 等频度副词联用，表示经常发生或具有持续性的事情，或表示欣赏或不满，抱怨的情绪。 How can I concentrate on my book if you are constantly interrupting me with questions? My mother is forever getting up early in the morning to prepare breakfast for me. Be 动词用于进行时being，与表示动作意义的形容词连用时，表示正在发生的一种情况，而不是对一般情况的静态描述。 She is being silly. 她这样做是发傻。 将来进行时主要表示将来某一时间正在进行的动作，一般都是安排好的。也可表示预料不久就要发生的事情。 “In a few days, I will be taking a train to Tibet,” the volunteer said. “We shall be having an interview with you next Monday,” the man said to the job applicants. 将来完成时表示将来某一时间之前所完成的动作，也可表示对未来的推测。 I hope it will have stopped raining before next Monday. You will have finished your schooling by 2012. 现在完成进行时，表示一个动作从过去某个时候开始，一直延续到说话时，或刚刚结束。 Chinese leaders have been pointing out the necessity for economical development. I have been learning English for 10 years. Hope, intend, mean, suppose 等词用于一般过去时，或过去完成时，表示过去未实现的打算。 I had intended to call you on, but my boss wanted to talk with me, and I couldn’t get away. I meant to meet you this afternoon, but you are not available. 过去将来完成时表示从过去某个时间看将来要完成的动作。 Linda was to have started the experiment a month ago, but she was ill. 10. 如果是对影视、戏剧、小说等文学作品的评论，可以用一般现在时，如： Cao Xueqin displays various aspects of traditional Chinese culture in his masterpiece Dream of Red Mansion. 语态： 有些动词后跟某些副词，用主动语态，表示被动含义，如： wash, write, sell,