我国农村生活污水处理技术述评.pdfVIP

2010 年农村生活污水处理实用技术高级研讨会论文集 我国农村生活污水处理技术评析 1 2 2 1 何新生 ，耿颖 ，徐洪斌 ，孙震宇 （1．河南省环境保护科学研究院，河南 郑州 450003；2.郑州大学 水利与环境学院，河南 郑州 450001） 摘 要：我国农村居住分散，经济条件差别较大，污水管网和污水处理设施建设滞后； 农村生活污水的水质水量也各不相同，污水处理工程的建设需根据当地环境和自然条件现状、 经济承受能力等条件因地制宜进行。水解酸化、接触氧化、塘系统、蚯蚓滤池、地埋式一体 化曝气设备、土壤渗滤、人工湿地等各具特点，污水处理工艺的选取可根据各自特点和实际 情况单独或结合使用，实现农村生物污水的低费运行和污染治理的双重目标。 关键词：农村生活污水 处理工艺 低费运行 Comment on Village Sewage Treatment Process in Rural Area 1 2 2 1 HE Xin-sheng , GENG Ying , XU Hongbin , SHUN Zheng-yu (1.Henan Insititute of Environmenal Science, Zhengzhou, Henan ,450004; 2.School of Environment and Water Conservancy, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou Henan ,450001) Abstract: The scattered rural villages in China differs widely in levels of economial development.The construction of sewer and sewage treatment can not keep up with requertment for the water protection. A series of factors, such as the local environment stituation, the natural conditions and economical affordability and so on, should be taken into accouted. Hydrolytic acidification, contact oxidation, lagoon system, earthfiltration, , underground integrated aeration units, subsurface infiltration, constructed wetland all are appropriate for village sewage treatment. Every of these techniques has its respective advantages and disadvanges. To realise the village sewage treatment at low cost and effectively, one or several conbined techniques can be applied. Keywords: Village Sewage, Sewage Treatment Process, Low Cost 1. 概述 我国地域面积广，农村人口居住分散，基础设施建设滞后。目前大多数农村，尤其是在 经济欠发达地区，基本没有排水渠道和污水处理系统，大部分生活污水都随意排放，直接进 入河流，或排出室外空地后任意渗入地下，少部分经化粪池