高中生气质与外语学业成绩的相关性调查与分析 _ 从气质差异看对外汉语教学.pdfVIP

论 文 摘 要 我国的对外汉语教学兴起较晚，在许多方面还有待不断完善，因此，根据语言 “教”与“学”的共同点，在教学理论和教学方法等方面可以从我国的外语教学中 得到启发，完善我国的对外汉语教学。在研究中，介绍了国内外有争议的气质类型 与学业成绩相关性的研究状况。对高二年级 529 名学生，采用《青少年气质量表》 团体测量学生的气质类型和英语试卷测试学生外语学业成绩，并对所得数据进行关 联性分析讨论。调查分析结果发现，高中生的外语学业成绩与某些气质类型显著相 关。抑郁质类型有利于外语学习，而多血-抑郁混合型不利于外语学习，其它气质类 型与外语学业成绩没有明显的关联性。 本次调查研究也验证了笔者在教学实践中的体会：在外语学习方面，抑郁质类 型的学生学习上认真、仔细、表现出坚韧的精神，这些品质更容易得到教师的赞赏 和喜欢。抑郁质是适合高中教学体制的气质类型；虽然多血质类型的学生灵活、善 于与人交往，但是并未在高中外语学习中表现出优势。结合调查分析结果笔者认为 有有利于和不利于外语学习的气质类型，在对外汉语中我们可通过注意下述6点来 提高教学效果： 1、对外汉语教学中评价学生要克服气质偏见。 2 、对外汉语教学中协调运用各种教学手段以适应不同气质类型的学生。 3、对外汉语教学中关注学习者气质中的弱势特征。 4 、对外汉语教学中掌握学习者气质特点，预测个体行为。 5、对外汉语教学中根据气质特点，实施有效纠错策略。 6、汉语学习者结合自身气质特点，扬长避短。 关键词：气质类型，外语学业成绩，对外汉语，相关研究 ABSTRACT The history of Chinese Language for Foreigners is not long in our country, and many aspects need to be improved. In accordance with the common points of languages, we can get some edifications, such as teaching theories and teaching methods, from foreign language teaching to improve Teaching Chinese as a Foreign Language. In this research, I introduce some controversial survey results of the relation between the type of temperament and foreign language learning performance. I carried out questionnaires to 529 middle school students at grade 2 and studied the relation between temperament and foreign language learning performance. I found that the melancholic type was in favor of foreign language learning and sanguine-melancholic type was not conducive to foreign language learning. Other temperament types did not show notable relation to foreign language learning performance. The results verified my experience from teaching practice: The students with melancholic type are more serious, careful and persistent. These features are praised by teachers in