信控交叉口闯红灯行为特征分析.docVIP

  信控交叉口闯红灯行为特征分析# 王雪松，钟楚君，王婷* （同济大学交通运输工程学院,上海 201804） 5 10 15 20 摘要：信控交叉口由闯红灯引起的交通事故具有较高的受伤率。为深入了解闯红灯行为特征 和影响因素，利用人工记录与视频观测结合的方法调查了上海市四个信控交叉口，基于流行 病学影响因素研究方法分别调查了闯红灯组和对照组。对调查数据进行了行为编码，分析了 闯红灯特征以及驾驶员、车辆等影响因素。各交叉口每进口道每信号周期平均有 1.5 辆车闯 红灯，红灯亮起后期闯红灯车辆较少，左转车辆闯红灯比例较高，处于车队中的车辆易于跟 随前车闯红灯；男性驾驶员、本地车辆、车上无乘客更容易闯红灯。 关键词：交通运输；信控交叉口；闯红灯；对照组；行为特征 中图分类号：U491 Red Light Running Characteristic Analysis for Signalized Intersections WANG Xuesong, ZHONG Chujun, WANG Ting (Transportation Engineering School, Tongji University, Shanghai 201804) Abstract: Red-light-running has been proven to cause a high injury rate for the crashes happened at signalized intersections. A case-control field observation study was performed in Shanghai to better understand the characteristics of red-light-running and its influence factors. Red-light-running violation data were collected through manually observation as well as video recording at four signalized intersections. A control group of vehicles were observed which had opportunity to run red light but did not. The results showed an average value of 1.5 red light 25 30 35 40 violators in each signal cycle at one intersection approach. The number of red light violators decreased by the length of the red light time. More red light violators turned left when they ran the red lights and more red light vehicles were in the middle of the fleet. It was also found that male drivers, vehicles with local license plates, driving without passenger were more prone to run red lights. Key words: transportation; signalized intersection; red-light-running; case-control study; driver characteristics 0 引言 信控交叉口机动车闯红灯是最常见的交通违法行为，也是导致交叉口事故多发的重要原 因之一。2012 年 1 月至 10 月，全国因闯红灯肇事导致涉及人员伤亡的交通事故 4227 起， 造成 798 人死亡。在美国，每年由闯红灯引起约 260000 起事故，其中约 750 起事故导致交 通死亡[1]。只有深入了解闯红灯行为特征和闯红灯影响因素，才能进一步提出有针对性的改 进措施。 研究者针对机动车闯红灯行为特征与影响因素进行了广泛研究。Retting 和 Williams[1] 对美国阿灵顿县（Arlington County）一个交叉口进行了 234 小时的观测，发现闯红灯驾驶 员更为年轻、系安全带比例低、驾驶记录较差、驾驶较小较旧的车辆比例高。美国联邦公路 署指出交通环境对闯红灯有明显影响，交叉口大、道路上坡或水平、交叉口信