黄土坡面细沟侵蚀发育过程与模拟.docVIP

  黄土坡面细沟侵蚀发育过程与模拟# 吴淑芳1，刘洪政2，霍云云3* （1. .西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院，陕西，杨凌，712100； 5 10 15 2. 陕西省水土保持生态环境监测中心，陕西，西安，710006； 3. 武威市水利技术综合服务中心，甘肃，武威，733000） 摘要：本文以坡面细沟侵蚀过程为研究对象，利用人工模拟降雨实验和三维激光扫描技术， 研究了同一坡面间歇性 3 场降雨情况下细沟侵蚀的发生、发展和演化过程；同时，采用元胞 自动机理论和方法，结合 NetLogo 软件，借用已有细沟侵蚀过程模型(CA-Rill)，将实验结果 与模型模拟结果进行了对比分析。结果表明：（1）三场降雨后坡面细沟侵蚀演化过程具有 完整体现，所产生细沟沟长发育迅速，沟宽及沟深发育相对缓慢，细沟沟网迅速形成，且侵 蚀强度达到 22.107 kg/m2，较第 1 场增加了 22.04 倍。（2）CA-Rill 模型模拟图像显示：CA-Rill 模型可较完整地模拟细沟形态发育过程，可以实现细沟侵蚀的发生、发展以及演化过程中细 沟形态的可视化模拟；（3）模拟值与实测值相比较，沟长、沟密度等侵蚀参数中有 39%的 相对误差小于 10%；50%的相对误差在 10%～20%范围内；11%的相对误差大于 20%。模拟 值与实测值较为接近。 关键词：黄土坡面；细沟侵蚀；CA-Rill 模型；图像；发育过程 中图分类号：S157.1 20 Rill erosion development and simulation in the Loess slope Wu Shufang1, Liu Hongzheng2, Huo Yunyun3 (1. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A F University, Yangling, Shaanxi 712100; 25 30 35 40 2. Soil and Water Conservation Ecological Environment Monitoring Center in Shaanxi Province, Xian, Shaanxi 710006; 3. Water Conservancy Technology Comprehensive Service Center, Wuwei, Gansu 733000) Abstract: This study is based rill erosion process on the slope as the research object. Using in intermitted artificial simulated rainfall experiment and three dimensional laser scanning technology, it is studied on the occurrence, development and evolution of rill erosion process. At the same time, rill erosion key development is simulated by using existing Rill erosion process model (CA - Rill), combined with Net-Logo software and adopted to the theory and method of cellular automata, and t analyzed in comparison experimental results and the model simulation results. Results show that: (1) Development of rill erosion process is completely shown, development of the gully long is rapid, development of gully width and deep t is relatively slow, gully network is rapid developed, and the erosion intensity reached 22.107 kg/m2 after the third rainfall ,which is increased 22.04 times contrast with the first rainfall experiment. (2) Image