半干旱黄土高原丘陵区羊道景观与群落结构.docVIP

 半干旱黄土高原丘陵区羊道景观与群落结构 张莹1，金宝成1，邹梅1，倪晓峰1，孙国钧1，武昕原2** （1. 兰州大学生命科学学院，兰州 730000； 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 2. 美国德克萨斯州德克萨斯农工大学草地生态和管理系） 摘要：受自然条件和放牧干扰的影响，在黄土高原半干旱丘陵山区坡面上形成了一种独特的 景观格局——羊道景观格局。羊道景观分布广泛，以过度放牧的黄土高原的丘陵地带最为明 显，本研究区域位于黄土高原腹地甘肃榆中县内丘陵山区。羊道景观是半干旱黄土高原丘陵 地区常见的景观格局。研究羊道景观是在为了研究该特征的景观内在的形成机制，并了解其 对半干旱黄土高原草地生态系统的影响。研究中利用了摄像遥感方法与地理信息系统(GIS) 结合相结合的方法。本文通过羊道景观要素特点分析和群落结构分析研究羊道景观的特性和 景观的羊道发育与群落结构的关系。结果表明羊道景观要素空间聚集分布，随着羊道的发育， 景观内的生物多样性先增加再减少，群落结构趋于稳定。 关键词：景观生态；黄土高原；半干旱区；羊道景观；群落结构 中图分类号：Q149 Goat trails landscape and community structure in semi-arid Loess Plateau hills ZHANG Ying1, JIN Baocheng1, ZOU Mei1, NI Xiaofeng1, SUN Guojun1, WU Xinyuan2 (1. School of life sciences,Lanzhou University,Lanzhou 730000; 2. Department of Ecosystem Science and Management,Texas AM University USA, 77843-2138) Abstract: Goat trails landscape was formed by natural conditions and anthropogenic interference in semi-arid Loess Plateau hills slop.Goad trails landscape was a novel concept.Goat trails landscapes were wildly distributed over the world,including America,Israel and Norway etc.They are perfectly apparent in Loess Plateau hills,Yuzhong County,Gansu province.We can see them almost verywhere in semi-arid Loess Plateau hills.There are two different characteristics: desert steppe and typical steppe according to various hygrothermal conditions.Vegetation in the landscape which provides forage and conserves both soil and moisture is a preserver in this land. Studying goat trails landscapes was in order to understand the inner mechanism and the impact on the semi-arid Loess Plateau grassland ecosystem.The remote sensing of photographying and geological information system were bond together as a method to study this landscape.The author did a research about analyzing characteristics and conmmunity structure of the goad trails landscape .The results showed that the landscape element were clumped;the diversity was increased first and declined then,the community structure tend to stabilization. Ke