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Membrane reactors for hydrogenation and dehydrogenation processes based on supported palladium 基于支撑的加氢\脱氢钯膜反应器 Abstract摘要 Membrane reactors applied to catalytic reactions are currently being studied in many places world-wide. 目前，应用于各类催化反应的膜反应器正受到世界范围内的广泛研究。 Significant developments in membrane science and the vision of process intensification by multifunctional reactors have stimulated a lot of academic and industrial research, which is impressively demonstrated by more than 100 scientific papers on catalytic membrane reactors being published per year. 膜科学的显著发展成果和通过多功能反应器强化过程工艺的前景激励了学术和应用领域的诸多研究。每年公开发表的关于催化膜反应器的科学论文超过100篇就强烈的证实了这一点。 Palladium as a noble metal with exceptional hydrogen permeation properties and, at the same time, broad applicability as a catalyst, first of all for hydrogenation is part of many of these developments. This paper discusses two different membrane reactor concepts which both rely on supported palladium, on the one hand as a permselective membrane material, and on the other hand as base component of a membrane-type hydrogenation catalyst . 作为一种贵金属，钯具有只允许氢渗透通过的性质，同时，又是广泛使用的催化剂。钯首先被应用于加氢过程是这一领域诸多研究成果的一部分。这篇论文讨论了两类不同的支撑型钯膜反应器。在此，金属钯一方面作为选择渗透性的膜材料，另一方面又是膜型加氢催化剂的主要成分。 Dense palladium composite membranes can be used for hydrogen separation from packed-bed catalysts in gas-phase hydrocarbon dehydrogenation reactions. Mesoporous membranes containing dispersed bimetallic Pd/X-clusters can be employed as so-called catalytic diffusers for liquid-phase hydrogenation, e.g. of nitrate and nitrite in water. 致密型复合钯膜能够用于从填料床气固相烃类脱氢反应中分离氢。含有分散双金属串（Pd/X-clusters 的中空型钯膜，即所谓的催化扩散器，可用于液固相加氢反应。例如，硝酸盐与亚硝酸盐在水中的加氢反应。 The principles of both concepts are introduced, recently obtained experimental data are evaluated in connection with literature results, and the perspectives for further development are highlighted. 本文介绍了这两类钯膜反应器的基本原理，结合文献结果结果评价了必威体育精装版获得的实验数据，展望了钯膜反应器未来的发展前景. Keywords Membrane reactor; 膜反应器 Composite palladium membrane; 复合钯膜 Catalytic membrane;