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Chapter 1 Introduction to Management and Organizations Essay Questions WHO ARE MANAGERS? In a short essay, explain how the definition of a manager has changed over time. Provide an example that illustrates the current definition. Answer Managers used to be defined as the organizational members who told others what to do and how to do it. In the past, it was easy to differentiate managers from nonmanagerial employees. Nonmanagers were organizational members who worked directly on a job or task and had no one reporting to them. Managers were those who supervised other employees. Today, the changing nature of organizations and work has blurred the distinction between managers and nonmanagerial employees. Many traditional nonmanagerial jobs now include managerial activities. For example, managerial responsibilities are shared by managers and team members at General Cable Corporation’s facility in Moose Jaw, Saskatchewan, Canada. Most of the employees at Moose Jaw are cross-trained and multi-skilled. Within a single shift, an employee can be a team leader, equipment operator, maintenance technician, quality inspector, or improvement planner. (easy; pp. 4-5) In a short essay, describe the similarities and differences between managerial and nonmanagerial positions in today’s work environment. Answer Similarities—In today’s work force, both managers and nonmanagers may at times have responsibility for certain managerial activities. In addition, like nonmanagerial employees, managers may carry out some duties that do not involve supervising others. Differences—A nonmanager’s job tends to be focused on personal achievement. By contrast, a manager’s job is not about personal achievement but rather helping others to do their work. In addition, nonmanagers focus primarily on accomplishing specific tasks. Managers may have their own tasks to accomplish, but they also focus on coordinating the work of others. (easy; pp. 4-5) In a short essay, describe and provide examples of fi