OECD REVIEWS OF REGULATORY REFORM：经合组织的监管改革.pdfVIP

OECD REVIEWS OF REGULATORY REFORM BACKGROUND DOCUMENT ON REGULATORY REFORM IN OECD COUNTRIES ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERATION AND DEVELOPMENT Introduction1 The objective of this paper is to provide an overview of the initial developments of regulatory reform in OECD countries and to identify key elements for implementation. In a first section, the context of reform and the move to regulatory quality will be discussed. Using examples from OECD countries, major industrialised economies and transition and emergent economies, the second section of the paper covers the first steps to implement regulatory reform. The third section will concentrate on key elements for implementation, such as capacity-building, communication and consultation, as well as constituency development. In a globalised environment, characterised by rapid change in economic, social and technological conditions as well as internationalised competition, the role of regulations is crucial. Regulations can become an obstacle when they create unnecessary barriers to trade, duplicate responsibilities for government authorities and citizens, or protect vested interests from competition. Thus, a growing number of countries – OECD and non-OECD – have embarked on ambitious programmes to reduce the costs of poorly designed regulation and improve their quality. Regulatory reform is not primarily a technical problem of getting regulations right. The regulatory management system – including the processes and institutions, through which regulations are developed, enforced and adjudicated – should support governance objectives in an efficient, transparent and accountable manner