医学交流课件：腹部超声 －物理.pptVIP

ABDOMEN- Physics腹部超声 －物理 OPTIMIZING YOUR MACHINE 优化你的仪器 OPTIMIZING YOUR MACHINE优化你的仪器 Ultrasound is a dynamic process 超声是动态的 Constant interaction between you and your machine is required 这要求你和仪器不停的相互影响 TRANSDUCERS 探头 IDEAL TYPE OF TRANSDUCER? 最理想的探头？ Mechanical vs electronic 机械的和电子的 Linear, convex, phased array, sector scanner 线阵，凸阵，相控阵，扇扫 Scan head shape 探头的形状 Frequency 频率 Depends on use and available money! 根据用途和资金选择！ Mechanical Sector Transducer机械的扇扫探头 Does not allow variable focussing 没有可变的焦点 Elements are mechanically rotated 晶片是机械性转动的 Small footprint – intercostal scanning 接触面小－可用于肋间 Moving parts subject to wear 可戴上其它部件？ More prone to damage when dropped 掉在地上更容易坏 Electronic Transducers电子探头 Multiple crystals fire together or sequentially 多个晶片同时或按顺序的发出声波 Multi-element transducers are called arrays 多晶片探头被称作阵 Linear 线阵 Convex 凸阵 Phased 相控阵 Linear Array Transducer线阵探头 Rectangular FOV 矩形的视野 Often limited skin contact 常受皮肤的接触面限制 Wide near-field, limited depth 更宽的近场视野，但深度不深 Best for musculoskeletal application, superficial structures 最好用于肌肉与骨骼，浅表的结构 Highest lateral resolution 侧向分辩率最高 High frequencies (up to 25mHz) 高频率（可达25mHz ） Convex Array Transducer凸阵探头 = curvilinear 60°, 90°, 120° 等于弧线60°, 90°, 120° Wide near-field 近场视野宽 Even wider far-field 远场视野也宽 Best for abdominal scans 最适合腹腔检查 Phased Array Transducer相控阵探头 Sector FOV 扇形的视野 Firing of multiple transducer elements in a precise sequence electronically 能电子地由多个晶片的按顺序发出声波 Wide FOV at deep depths 远场深部视野宽 Phased Array Transducer相控阵探头 Limited near-field visibility compared with linear-array or curvilinear-array transducers 与线阵或凸阵探头相比近场视野受限 Useful for evaluation of deeper structures 可用于检查深部结构 Best for heart (intercostal windows) 最适合用于心脏（肋间） Transducer Care探头保养 Do not apply alcohol directly onto surface 不要在探头表面上直接用酒精 Clean/wipe after every scan 每次检查后都要清洁/擦 Freeze image when not in use 不用时要冻结图像 Heat sensitive – do not sterilize 不耐热－不要灭菌 Settings – Power设置－功率 Intensity (Amplitude)