棉秆皮的脱胶处理毕业论文.docx

近年来，“环境保护”这个概念越来越受到人们的重视，天然纤维以其易于 降解的优点对环境保护有着积极的意义。因此，人们对天然纤维的研究越来越深 入广泛。研究棉秆皮纤维化学处理方法可增加棉秆皮资源的广泛利用，同时可以 变废为宝，增加纤维材料资源。 本课题按照相关标准测试了棉秆皮的成分，确定了棉秆皮成分中各物质含量 的百分比，并且与其他植物纤维成分含量作比较。棉秆皮成分的特点为纤维素含 量低，木质素、半纤维素、水溶物含量高，棉秆皮胶质含量比其他植物纤维高。 棉秆皮化学处理工艺借鉴了麻类纤维化学脱胶工艺，分别探讨了一煮法、二煮法 化学处理工艺。通过对不同方法试验结果的综合评价，确定了棉秆皮化学处理工 艺方法为二煮法，具体的工艺流程为：试样准备f浸酸f水洗f—煮f水洗f打 纤f水洗f二煮f水洗f酸洗f水洗f抖松f烘干。采用正交实验设计对一煮 法、二煮法的工艺条件进行优化，得出一煮的优化条件为：氢氧化钠浓度8g/L, 双氧水浓度9g/L,浴比1： 20,时间30min,温度100°C；二煮的优化条件为： 氢氧化钠浓度12g/L,双氧水浓度17g/L,温度80°C,时间60mim浴比1： 20。 本文对联合脱胶方法制取的棉秆皮纤维进行了物理机械性能测试，并与麻 类纤维及其他一些纤维的性能进行比较。细度与亚麻、黄麻、菠萝叶纤维接近， 比大麻、香蕉纤维、桑皮纤维、竹纤维的大；断裂强度与亚麻接近，比黄麻、竹 纤维高，其断裂伸长率较高. 关键词：棉秆皮纤维，化学处理工艺，纤维性能，纤维结构 ABSTRACT Recently, people have been thi nk i ng much of importance of z，env i ronmen t pro tection. The good degrada tion of nat ural f i ber benef its en v i ro nmental protect i on .So, peop I e have spen t more and more ti me on it. It is a new met hod of nat lira I fibre developmen t to study on chemi ca I treatment of cotton-straw pee I f i ber . The development of cotton-straw pee I f i ber resources not only can recycle the waste, but increase f i ber material resource as we I I. In th i s paper, the component of cotton-straw pee I was tested acc ord i ng tothe related standards? It was got that the cel IuIose content compared with othervegetablefiber* component, the cottor)-straw p eeI was Iower, the content ofcolloid, hemi-cel Iulose, water soluable and the gum grease of cotton-straw peel was h i gher than other vegeta bIe f i ber? The chemi caI degummi ng of Bast fiberwas used as reference to investigat ion the chemi caI treatment of cotton-一strawpeeI. The ch emi caI treatments such as f i rst boi ling, second boiling and ref ininga fter second were stud i ed? Through the sythentic evaIuation of pee I resuIt, itwas obta i ned that second bo Ii ng method was regard as. The process i ng routewas fol lowing as: samp Ie-^ac i dsoak-^wash i ng-^f i rst b oiling— wash i ng-^h i t i ngf wash i ng—second bo i I i ng-^wash i ng-^ac i