具有明满交替流大型水电站的动态数值模拟及优化设计研究.pdf

第20 卷第4 期 工 程 力 学 Vol.20 No. 4 2003 年 8 月 ENGINEERING MECHANICS Aug. 2003 文章编号：1000-4750(2003)04-0166-05 具有明满交替流大型水电站的动态数值模拟 及优化设计研究 褚宝鑫，樊红刚，陈乃祥 (清华大学热能工程系，北京 100084) 摘 要：在电站的尾水隧洞中常有可能出现明满交替流动，由于这种流动的存在，过渡过程中可能产生较 大的压力脉动，具有明满交替流动的电站尾水系统对电站运行的稳定性和过渡过程都带来复杂的影响，因 此在建立合理可行的明满交替流动数值模型是完全必要的。通过分析采用了特征隐式差分格式法计算模 型，并用该模型及具有明满交替流动的大型水电站综合计算模型研究了三峡、溪洛渡等四座大型水电站的 水力过渡过程，对采用明满流动尾水隧洞和其他形式尾水隧洞中的压力进行了分析计算，提出了对明满流 动尾水洞进行优化设计的建议。 关键词：仿真；明满交替；优化设计；特征隐式格式 中图分类号：O352; TV134.3 文献标识码：A SIMULATION AND OPTIMUM DESIGN OF TRANSIENT MIXED FREE-SURFACE-PRESSURE FLOW FOR THE HYDROPOWER STATION CHU Bao-xin , FAN Hong-gang , CHEN Nai-xiang (Department of Thermal Engineering, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China) Abstract: In tailrace tunnels of some hydropower stations, a transient Mixed Free-Surface-Pressure Flow (MFSPF) may occur, so a global computer model that can detect and simulate the mixed flow is needed. In this paper, a new MFSPF computation method (Characteristic Implicit Method) with good stability based on implicit finite difference scheme has been offered. Transient simulation programs have been developed based on the new method and other computation models for large-scale hydropower stations with MFSPF. By use of these programs, transient simulations of four large-scale Hydropower Stations such as the Three Gorges and the Xiluodu are studied. And the pressures in tailrace tunnel with MFSPF and other flow are analyzed and compared. Suggestions are made for the optimum design of tailrace tunnels with MFSPF. Key words: simulation; Mixed Free-Surface-Pressure Flow; optimum design; characteristic implicit method 1 引言