Hakka-Introduction-客家英文介绍.pptVIP

制作人：周国梅 张中浩 SOME BASIC QUESTIONS ABOUT HAKKA一些关于客家的基本问题 1.WHO ARE HAKKAS? 客家有哪些人？2.WHERE DO THEY LIVE? 他们住哪里？ 3.WHAT LANGUAGE DO THEY SPEAK? 4.WHAT ARE THE DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HAKKA AND OTHER HAN CHINESE?客家汉族和其他的区别是什么? 5.HOW TO DEFINE A HAKKA?如何定义一个客家? 6.ARE THERE ANY HAKKA CELEBRITIES? 有客家名人吗? 2 HAKKA ORIGIN 客家的起源 Hakka means “guest people” in Chinese.在中国,客家意味着“客家人”。 Hakka is a Subgroups of the Han ethnicity.客家是汉民族的子族。 Their ancestors were often said to have arrived from what is todays central China centuries ago.他们的祖先通常认很久以前是从中原迁移过来的 Estimated population:1994.) 估计人口1994) Five migrations 五大迁移 Social unrest社会动荡 Continued invasion by foreign forces外族的入侵 Flood洪水 Other reasons其他原因 3 HAKKA MIGRATION HISTORY客家移民历史 First: Struggle to fight Western Jin Dynasty, around 300 B.C. 第一:努力对抗西方晋代,公元前300年左右 Second: TianBao Rebellion in Tang Dynasty, around 755 B.C. 第二:唐代天宝叛乱,公元前755年左右 Third: the end of South Song Dynasty, around 1127 B.C. 第三:南宋朝,公元前1127年左右 Forth: fight against Qing Dynasty and population explosion, around 1661 B.C.第四:对抗清朝和人口爆炸,公元前1661年左右 Fifth: Taiping Rebellion, around 1851 B.C.第五:太平天国起义,公元前1851年左右 2019-1-19 4 HAKKA MIGRATION HISTORY 5 HAKKA DIALECT客家方言 Meizhou dialect has been viewed as the prime example of the Hakka language.梅州方言一直视为客家语言的最好例子 Hakka dialect is one of the Seven Major Dialect I 客家方言是七大方言之一 Distribution: the area on the map, the southeast of Guangxi, some part of Hunan and Sichuan 地理分布:地图上的区域、广西东南部、湖南和四川的某些部分 It is said today there are about 90-100 million Hakka speakers around the world.据说现在全世界约有9千万到一亿的客家人 6 HAKKA CUISINE客家菜 The feature of Hakka cuisine is oily, salty and fresh shine.客家菜的特点是油,盐和新鲜的光泽。 Braised pork in soy sauce梅菜扣肉 盐焗鸡 Dried tofu 酿豆腐 Fried rice noodles 炒米粉 7 HAKKA ARCHITECTURE客家建筑 8 Tulou——Fujian province and Jiangxi province 土楼——福建省和江西省 9 HAKKA ARCHITECTURE客家建筑 Weilongwu——meizhou, guangdong province 围龙屋———广东 梅州 HAKKA HILL SONGS客家山歌 In the past, they are said to have been used as a me