消防专业论文-水喷淋启动对火灾烟气特性影响的数值模拟.docxVIP

PAGE II 喷淋启动对火灾烟气特性影响的数值模拟 摘 要 近年来，我国多次发生大量人员伤亡的突发事故，尤其是在人员密集的公众聚集场所，造成了巨大的人员伤亡和财产损失。火场中温度、CO浓度、能见度等指标都在较短时间内达到甚至超过人体所能承受的极限值，对人体造成致命伤害，使得人们丧失逃生能力。喷淋系统广泛安装在建筑中，可以有效的控制和扑灭火灾，有效的保护生命和财产的安全。但是喷淋启动后，火源被控制在一定规模，不完全燃烧程度增强，会对火灾烟气特性产生影响，因此研究二者之间的关系十分必要。 本文以木垛火为火源，采用FDS数值模拟软件研究喷淋的启动对火灾烟气特性的影响。针对一典型建筑，分别设定在无水喷淋、水喷淋压力分别为0.05M Pa、0.1M Pa、0.2M Pa四种情况进行了较为详细的比较计算。结果表明, 水喷淋的启动, 虽然可以控制火灾的发展, 降低室内的烟气温度, 但也会增加烟气的生成量, 使溢出的烟气增加。同时, 水喷淋的压力增加, 小室内的烟气温度继续下降, CO以及水蒸气的生成量也会随之增加。这些都对火场人员抢救以及消防安全带来很大的影响，研究二者之间的关系，可以为今后自动喷淋的研究方向以及火场情况提供参考意见。 关键词 木垛火; 自动喷淋; FDS火灾模拟软件; 烟气特性 Numerical simulation on activation of sprinkler to smoke characteristics Abstract In recent years, a large number of casualties occurred on many occasions emergencies, especially in the personnel-intensive public gathering places, causing great casualties and property lo In recent years, a large number of major incidents caused loss of life and property occurred in our country, especially in the personnel-intensive public places. The temperature, CO concentration and visibility in fire exceed the limits of human tolerance in a short period of time, that harms the human body loss of the capacity of people to escape. Spray system installed in buildings can control and fight fires effectively to the protection of life and property. But after spray, the source of ignition controlled at a certain scale have an impact to the characteristics of fire smoke, because of enhanced the degree of incomplete combustion. So, it is necessary to research on the relationship between them. Fire wood pile is the fire source in essay. FDS numerical simulation software used to study that start-up spray how to impact the characteristics of fire smoke. For a typical construction, I did complete comparison calculation which is anhydrous spray pressure, water spray pressure is 0.05M Pa, 0.1M Pa, 0.2M Pa.The results show that start-up sprinkler can control the fire and reduce the indoor flue-gas temperature, but it may increase the volume of