高考英语语法专题课件 时态与语态（共60张）.pptVIP

现代英语，特别是口语，对于像lie, sit, stay, wait等动词，用现在完成进行时比用现在完成时更合习惯：He has been sitting there studying all evening.他整个晚上都坐在那儿学习。 过去将来时表示在过去某个时间看来将要发生的动作或存在的状态。即:过去将来时是“立足过去,着眼未来”的一种时态, 常用于宾语从句中。判断这种时态的依据是:要有表示过去的“动作”,而不是时间。如: ?I heard that they were going to return to Shanghai soon.? ?我听说他们不久要回到上海。 ①由助动词“would/should+动词原形”构成,should主要用于主语是第一人称时;would可用于各种人称。如: Whenever we had trouble, he would come to help us. 不论何时我们遇到困难,他总会给予帮助。 ②由“was/were going to+动词原形”构成。如: No one knew when he was going to come. 没有人知道他什么时候来。 【注意】 ①表示“往来”时空变化的短暂性动词如“go, come, arrive, travel, start, begin, leave, move, fly, return, take off”等,通常用过去进行时来表示过去将来。如: He said they were leaving at seven. 他说他们将于七点动身。 ②“was/ were about to +动词原形”,可以表示过去即将发生的事情。 如: The US said that the war on Iraq was about to start in a week. 美国说伊拉克之战将在一周后打响。 被动语态的构成 ：助动词be＋及物动词的过去分词人称、数和时态的变化是通过be的变化表现出来的。现以teach为例说明被动语态在各种时态中的构成。 一般现在时： ＋taught 一般过去时： ＋taught 一般将来时： ＋taught 现在进行时： ＋taught 过去进行时： ＋taught 过去将来时： + taught 过去进行时： + taught 现在完成时： ＋taught 过去完成时： + taught am / is / are was / were will / shall be am / is / are being was / were being would be was / were being have / has been had been 被动语态的用法 (1)不知道或没有必要说明动作的执行者是谁。 Some new computers were stolen last night. 一些新电脑在昨晚被盗了。(不知道电脑是谁偷的) This book was published in 1981. 这本书出版于1981年。 (2)强调动作的承受者，而不强调动作的执行者。 The window was broken by Mike.窗户是迈克打破的。 This book was written by him.这本书是他写的。 Eight hours per day for sleep must be guaranteed. 每天8小时睡眠必须得到保证。  题组训练 1. —Haven’t seen him for a couple of days. —He _____ preparations for the English speaking contest due to take place next week. A.will make B.has made C.was making D.is making due adj.预期的;预定的 9.—The hurricane ____ to reach the coast tomorrow