中考专项讲解--形容词、副词.pptVIP

形容词、副词 一、形容词的分类 形容词可分为定语形容词和表语形容词 多数形容词既可用作定语形容词，也可用作表语形容词 表语形容词 由前缀a-构成的形容词多为表语形容词 afraid, alive, alone, alike, asleep, awake等 但它们本身带有副词修饰时，可作前置定语 the fully awake patient the half asleep boy 习惯搭配： fast / sound asleep ill 作“生病的”讲，为表语形容词 用作后置定语 1）修饰由no, some, any, every构成的不定代词 something interesting, nothing special 2）某些表语形容词须后置 the people alive 3）一些表方位和时间等的副词习惯上作后置定语 below, else, abroad, here, there, now, today, tomorrow等 the trip abroad, the meeting yesterday 二、前置形容词的顺序 一个美小圆旧红，法国木制的写字桌 顺序大致为：限定词（包括冠词、物主、指示、不定代词等）-- 数词 – 描述性形容词（短词在前，长词在后） – 表特征的形容词（包括大小、形状、新旧、年龄等）-- 表颜色的形容词 – 表类属的形容词（包括专有形容词和表材质的形容词）+ 名词性定语（包括动名词）+ 名词 a vast and beautiful land a tall clever young Chinese officer some sour green eating apples the first beautiful little white Chinese stone bridge a weak small old man a pretty purple silk dress 三、级 1、形容词、副词分为原级、比较级、最高级 构成： 不规则变化： good/ well --- better --- best bad / ill / badly – worse --- worst many / much --- more --- most little --- less --- least far --- farther --- farthest(表距离) --- further --- furthest(表距离和程度，引申意义) They want to study further. old --- older --- oldest(多指年龄、时间、年代长久) --- elder --- eldest (兄弟姐妹间的年长关系) his elder brother 英语表示 “较不……”和“最不……”时可用less和least, 如 less difficult, least difficult 有些复合形容词也有两种比较形式： well-behaved – better-behaved – best-behaved more well-behaved – most well-behaved well-known – better-known – best-known more well-known – most well-known 在英语中有些形容词、副词没有比较级和最高级形式 hopeless, absolutely, empty, full, final, first, main, daily, weekly, possible, deaf, blind, golden, wooden, hardly, junior, senior, whole等 2、比较等级的用法 1）原级常用于“as+原级+as” (和……一样) He’s as tall as I . (口语中可用me) He likes her as much as he likes his sister. 否定形式：not as/ so … as (不如，比不上) It’s not as hot in Beijing as in Wuhan. He does not smoke so heavily as his brother. 2 ）比较级常用于“比较级+than” He’s taller than I. (口语中可用me) She sees me more often than she sees T