英语虚拟语气讲义.pptVIP

英语虚拟语气（目录） 一、虚拟语气在条件句中的运用 （详看） 条件句中的虚拟语气（例句) （详看） 条件虚拟语气的补充 （详看） 含蓄虚拟条件句 （详看） 二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用 （详看） 三、虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用 （详看） 四、虚拟语气在其它从句中的运用 （详看） 五、虚拟语气的其它运用 （详看） 一、虚拟语气在条件句中的运用 分别对现在、过去、未来表示相反的假设，从句分别用过去时、过去完成时和过去将来时。句型如下： If …done/were…, …would/should do/be…. If …had done/been…, would/should have done/been…. If …were to…, …would/should do/be…. 另外，从句也可用过去进行时表示对现在的相反的假设: If …were(not)doing…, … would/should do/be…. 例句：请看下一张。 （返回目录） 1、条件句中的虚拟语气（例句） If I knew the answer, I would tell you. If you had come earlier, you would have had a wonderful meal. If you were to do this stupid thing, I would have to drive you away. If human beings were not killing each other,we would live a much happier life. （返回目录） 2、条件虚拟语气的补充 省略If而倒装,如: Had he worked harder, he would have got through the exam. 省略If从句，用介词短语、上下文或其它方式来表示虚拟语气，如： We didn’t know his address, or we would have found him ourselves. 甚至只剩下一个主句或从句，如： I could help you.(我本来可以帮你.） If I had time!(我要有时间该多好啊!) Even stones would rush to listen to her singing. 3、含蓄虚拟条件句 没有明显的虚拟条件句,而是利用其它手段来暗示存在虚拟条件。手段有： 介词或介词短语:but for, but that,without, in case of, under等，如： Without your help, we would not have finished the task. 连词：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, for fear that,on condition that, if only等，如： If only I have enough money! （返回目录） 二、虚拟语气在宾语从句中的运用 … wish…表愿望如： I wish I were not having a cold. 在具有愿望、请求、建议、命令等主观意愿的动词（desire, demand, advice, insist, require, suggest, propose, order, recommend, decide等)后的宾语从句中要用虚拟语气。谓语动词用（should）加动词原型。如： I advice you (should) do it yourself. Would rather, would sooner也用来表达主观愿望如: I would rather you hadn’t done this stupid thing （返回目录） 三、虚拟语气在主语从句中的运用 It is +形容词+that... (should) do….如: It is advisable that you take more money. 此类表示请求、愿望、建议、命令等的形容词还有crucial,desirable,essential,necessary,possible,prefe