英美概况UK chaptr 3 British Politics.pptVIP

British Politics— The Monarchy The executive authority over the government is by the monarch’s Royal prerogative The royal prerogative under laws legislated by Parliament or convention and precedent British Politics— The Monarchy The Origin of the Monarchy The Monarchy originates before the Norman Conquest in 1066 The continuity broken only once during the Civil War (1642-1649) from 1649-1660 when England called a commonwealth Restored in 1660; Charles I’s son enthroned Formally established through Glorious Revolution in 1688; limited constitutional monarchy British Politics— The Monarchy Constitutional Role The Monarch is the ceremonial Head of State Prerogative powers—only exercised on the Prime Minister’s advice; The monarch must accept the decisions of the Prime Minister and the Cabinet The Royal Prerogative—appoint or dismiss ministers, regulate the civil service, issue passports delcare war or make peace, direct the actions of the military and etc. The Queen seems very powerful, but in reality she is only a figure-head. British Politics— The Parliament The British Parliament is the supreme legislature of the country Consisting of three elements: the monarch, the House of Lords and the House of Commons The primary function is the making of law, the control of the public revenue and the examination fof government of government policy and public administration The official head of the parliament is the Queen British Politics— The Parliament The House of Lords The House of Lords is the successor to the historical Great Council, which was an advisory body to serve the king Two kinds of lords: the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal The House of Lords does not control the term of the Prime Minister or of the Government. The House of Lords debates legislation, and has some power to amend or reject bills The house of Lords is the highest court in the United Kingdom hearing civil and criminal appeals from the lower courts. The procedures o