Population Dynamics, Carryig Capacity SchoolWorld an 种群动态，承载力 schoolworld一.pptVIP

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Population Dynamics, Carryig Capacity SchoolWorld an 种群动态，承载力 schoolworld一.ppt

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Population Dynamics, Carryig Capacity SchoolWorld an 种群动态，承载力 schoolworld一

Population Density Density-dependent population controls- reliant on a dense population for effect: Pests Infectious diseases Competition for resources Predation Density-independent population controls- affect population size regardless of density: Weather Fire Habitat destruction Pesticides Pollution * * AP Environmental Science Population Dynamics, Carrying Capacity and Conservation Biology ? Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP 1. Characteristics of Populations ? Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP Changes in population size, density, dispersion, and age distribution are known as population dynamics. Population size- the number of individuals in a population at a given time Population density- the number of individuals per unit area in terrestrial ecosystems or per unit volume in aquatic ecosystems Dispersion- the spatial patterning of individuals Age structure- is the proportion of individuals in each age group (e.g., prereproductive, reproductive, and postreproductive) of a population. Characteristics of Populations ? Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP In terms of dispersion, individuals of a population can be clumped, uniform, or randomly distributed. CLUMPING MOST COMMON!!! (a) Clumped (elephants) (b) Uniform (creosote bush) (c) Random (dandelions) Figure 9-2Page 164 2. Population Dynamics and Carrying Capacity ? Brooks/Cole Publishing Company / ITP Population size is governed by births, deaths, immigration, and emigration: [Population Change] = [Births + Immigration] – [Deaths + Emigration] If the number of individuals added are balanced by those lost then there is zero population growth (ZPG) Populations vary in their capacity for growth, also known as biotic potential. Intrinsic rate of growth (r)- is the rate at which a population will grow if it had unlimited resources. Carrying capacity (K)- the number of individuals in a population that can be supported in a given area. Population size (N) Time (t) Carrying capacity (K) Environmentalresistance