Fat Soluble Vitamins MDC Faculty Home Pages Miami Dade 脂溶性维生素 MDC学院主页迈阿密戴德.pptVIP

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Fat Soluble Vitamins MDC Faculty Home Pages Miami Dade 脂溶性维生素 MDC学院主页迈阿密戴德.ppt

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Fat Soluble Vitamins MDC Faculty Home Pages Miami Dade 脂溶性维生素 MDC学院主页迈阿密戴德

* * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Figure 11.4: Mucous Membrane Integrity. * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * * Figure 11.9: Animated! Vitamin D Synthesis and Activation. The precursor of vitamin D is made in the liver from cholesterol (see Figure 5-11 on p. 147 and Appendix C). The activation of vitamin D is a closely regulated process. The final product, active vitamin D, is also known as 1,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol (or calcitriol). * * * * * * * * * Vitamin D Deficiency Osteomalacia Affects adults Soft, flexible, brittle, deformed bones Progressive weakness Pain in pelvis, lower back, and legs Vitamin D Deficiency Osteoporosis Loss of calcium from the bones due to inadequate synthesis of vitamin D Results in a reduced bone density The Elderly Deficiency is likely due to inadequate production and activation of vitamin D, a decreased consumption of milk, and having little time in the sun. There is an increased risk for bone loss and fractures. Vitamin D Toxicity More likely compared to other vitamins Vitamin D from sunlight and food is not likely to cause toxicity. High-dose supplements may cause toxicity. Toxicity symptoms Elevated blood calcium Calcification of soft tissues (blood vessels, kidneys, heart, lungs, and tissues around joints) Frequent urination Vitamin D Vitamin D Recommendations (1997 Adequate Intake) and Sources AI 5 μg/day for adults 19-50 years old AI 10 μg/day for adults 51-70 years old AI 15 μg/day for adults if older than 70 years of age Vitamin D Recommendations Vitamin D in Foods Fortified milk, butter, and margarine Cereals Chocolate mixes Veal, beef, egg yolks, liver, fatty fish and their oils (Cod liver oil) Vegans may need fortification or supplements if they do not have adequate sun exposure. Vitamin D Recommendations Vitamin D from the Sun Synthesized in the body from cholesterol SPF of 8 or above prevents the synthesis of vitamin D from sunlight. Can be obtained from tanning beds depending on type o