Chapter 7 traumatic and chronic brain amage7章外伤性慢性脑损伤.pptVIP

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Chapter 7 traumatic and chronic brain amage7章外伤性慢性脑损伤.ppt

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Chapter 7 traumatic and chronic brain amage7章外伤性慢性脑损伤

Chapter 7traumatic and chronic brain damage Clinical Neuroscience By Kelly Lambert and Craig Howard Kinsley Chapter 7 Overview Review Concepts: Brain imaging techniques (from Ch. 1) Neuroplasticity Brain injuries Traumatic Brain Injury (rapid onset) Chronic Brain damage (long-term onset) For each injury, we’ll discuss: Causes Effects Treatment methods Future Prospects Lambert and Kinsley, Chapter 7 2 Connections Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) can strike anyone Bob Woodruff, ABC News reporter, wounded in Iraq. Recovery can be improved by a variety of factors: Education Enriched environment Neural reserves Lambert and Kinsley, Chapter 7 3 Traumatic Brain InjuryCauses and Consequences Generally considered a result of impact to the skull Other causes Human cost: 50,000-80,000 deaths annually 235,000 hospitalizations annually ~ 5 million Americans suffering lasting effects Financial cost: $150,000 non-medical costs Fatalities cost ~$450,000/case Lambert and Kinsley, Chapter 7 4 Traumatic Brain InjuryWho’s at risk? Individuals: 15-24 years old Over 64 years old Men People consuming alcohol Athletes Lambert and Kinsley, Chapter 7 5 Traumatic Brain InjuryEffects Primary Axon Shearing Subdural hematoma Epidural hematoma Contusion Secondary Effects Ionic flux Hyperglycolysis EAAs Lambert and Kinsley, Chapter 7 6 Traumatic Brain InjuryTreatments Glasgow Coma Scale Initial assessment Surgery Hematomas Depressed Skull fractures Pharmacological Intervention Cognitive impairment Dopamine Acetylcholine Depression Serotonergic pathway Lambert and Kinsley, Chapter 7 7 Traumatic Brain InjuryTreatments Progesterone Therapy Don Stein’s work with mother rats Cognitive Rehabilitation Yeshuda Ben-Yishay Holistic neuropsychological rehabilitation program Constraint-induced movement therapy Environmental Enrichment General Enrichment Physical exercise Formal motor training Lambert and Kinsley, Chapter 7 8 Traumatic Brain InjuryPrevention TBI is very common and preventable through: Ed