Chapter Three – Chemical Equations the Alfred Stat College 三章–化学方程式艾尔弗雷德州立大学.pptVIP

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Chapter Three – Chemical Equations the Alfred Stat College 三章–化学方程式艾尔弗雷德州立大学.ppt

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Chapter Three – Chemical Equations the Alfred Stat College 三章–化学方程式艾尔弗雷德州立大学

CHEM 5013 Applied Chemical Principles Chapter Three Professor Bensley Alfred State College Chapter Objectives Explain balancing a chemical reaction as an application of the law of conservation of mass. Write balanced chemical equations for simple reactions, given either an unbalanced equation or a verbal description. Chapter Objectives Distinguish between electrolytes and non-electrolytes and explain how their solutions differ. Describe the species expected to be present (ions, molecules, etc.) in various simple solutions. Writing Chemical Equations What does a Chemical equation represent? Reactants form products Writing Chemical Equations Reactants and products are represented by chemical formulas. The phase for the compounds must be given. Example: Balancing Chemical Equations The Law of Conservation of Matter (Conservation of Mass): Balancing Chemical Equations Chemical equations balanced via inspection. Numbers used to balance chemical equations are called coefficients. Example: Burning of natural gas (methane) (Combustion Reaction) Example: Write the complete balanced combustion reaction of propane. Balancing Chemical Equations We normally use the smallest whole numbers possible as coefficients. Trial and Error HINT – Balance the atoms first that occur in only one substance on each side Balancing Chemical Equations DO NOT change the subscripts! BUT, if you have a polyatomic ion like SO42- (sulfate) this stays as one unit!!! So to balance, place a new subscript outside the parenthesis as in: Balancing Chemical Equations Write balanced equations for: Sodium hydroxide reacting with carbon dioxide to form water and sodium carbonate Sodium phosphate reacting with magnesium chloride to form magnesium phosphate and sodium chloride Solutions, Solvents, and Solutes Aqueous solutions: Solutions: (review) Solvent: Solute: Ions in Aqueous Solution Dissolve NaCl in water. Na+ ions and Cl- ions go into solution as freely moving ions What happens when