21世纪的创新教育.pptVIP

创新、玩、文化、和学习 21世纪的创新教育 先看问题 21世纪的创新教育 为什么要学习如何去解决问题? 在全球化的、快速改变的21世纪： 越来越多的问题将只有“优化的”答案，而没有“绝对的”答案 学习方法需要从寻找固定答案向培养思想家转移，他们能理解和寻找现实世界问题的“最优”答案 玩和文化 “多年来我越来越坚信文明是在玩中产生和发展的。” --Johan Huizinga, homo ludens （《玩者人》） 我们的孩子是我们未来的文化建设者 创造“真知” 创造“真知” 的一例 我们的孩子是我们未来的文化建设者 “学而时习之，不亦说乎？” —孔子 So how do we manipulate models to create meaning? Through analogies; comparing aspects or the essence of one model to a new situation for which we are trying to create a new model “Cluster” of meaning and relationships attached to the building blocks Relationships between building blocks Analogy-making; manipulating abstract relationships finding relationships and applying in other contexts How many thought asteroid? Zebra? Cat? A very powerful analogy that can focus so many people on the same concepts The mental tools we have include: Our ability to observe and identify different concepts at different levels of abstraction compare and contrast and these concepts and their meaning to form analogies between one thing and another And to group together concepts and their meanings to form new meaning very much like architects and builders build new buildings Finding the appropriate level of abstraction on which to base the analogy/metaphor Robert; playing games creating games “meaning” being knowledge and understanding, ability to draw inferences and conclusions, not just awareness of facts The poet accomplishes this, not from the meanings associated with man and woman but from the meanings associated with sun and moon. The poet relies on our ability to create/understand analogies between these building blocks The meanings and relationships associated with “sun” and “moon” are transferred to “man” and “woman” through the mechanism of a simile, a kind of analogy Sun, hot, day, to brilliant to look at directly Moon, cool, most prominent at night, casts a softer light Who is the hot one now? The poet creates this new meaning just by changing the relationship of the “buildin