抗生素PPT课件（英文精品）Veterinary Pharmaceuticals Potential Environmental Impact and Treatment .ppt

Veterinary Pharmaceuticals: Potential Environmental Impact and Treatment Strategies presented at the Emerging Pollutants Workshop hosted by US EPA Region 5 John L. Cicmanec, DVM, MS, ACLAM NRMRL, US EPA, Cincinnati, OH Acknowledgements Dr. Craig Adams, Univ. of Missouri-Rolla Dr. Lars Angenent, Washington Univ. Dr. Thorsen Christian, University of Bonn Dr. Thomas Heberer, Technical Univ. Berlin Dr. Barry Hooberman, FDA Kenneth Loftin, Univ.of Missouri-Rolla Dr. David Sedlak, Univ. California, Berkeley Zhimin Qiang, Univ. of Missouri-Rolla A Beef Cattle CAFO Operation A Typical Poultry CAFO Operation Groups of Compounds Antibiotics Anthelmintics Hormones; steroids and bovine ST Pesticides Vaccines X-Ray contrast media, iodine barium based Potential Endocrine Disrupting Chemicals Trenbolone acetate (RevalorR, FiniplexR) Melengestrol acetate Estradiol benzoate Ractopamine (ProleanR) Testosterone proprionate Human chorionic gonadotropin Prostaglandins Trenbolone Melengestrol Little is known about their fate after excretion by the animal Trenbolone half-life when stored as liquid manure is 267 days In farm field studies Trenbolone was detected at the end of fertilization period and Melengestrol was detected at harvest Where Does RactopamineFit In? ? adrenergic agonist; Partitions energy from fat growth to lean growth; Increases protein accretion and muscle growth; Increases muscle fiber diameter Impacts of Improved Feed Efficiency RAC -fed pigs require less feed for equivalent lean gain (12.7%) Fewer natural resources are needed for crop production for the swine industry when utilizing RAC (Carroll, et al., 2001). RAC-fed pigs take 4 less days to a constant market weight. Swine Units Gestation building Growth/Finishing buildings Hog Heaven Humans and Farm Animal Waste as a Source of Steroid Hormones Categories of Antibiotics  Sulfonamides – sulfamethoxazole, etc Quinol