选区激光熔化成型医用ti-6al-4v合金的组织和性能分析-microstructure and properties of medical ti - 6al - 4v alloy prepared by selective laser melting.docxVIP
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选区激光熔化成型医用ti-6al-4v合金的组织和性能分析-microstructure and properties of medical ti - 6al - 4v alloy prepared by selective laser melting
摘要选区激光熔化(Selective Laser Melting, SLM)是一种新型增材制造技术,由 于采用逐层叠加的加工方法,该技术消除了传统加工方法对几何形状的限制,在 制备带内孔的复杂结构和个性化制作等方面具有显著的优势。为降低 TC4 钛合金 医用植入体的弹性模量、减小应力屏蔽、适应不同患者的个体需求等提供了一种 有效的解决方案。为此,本文选择了一种高品质的 TC4 钛合金粉末,对其理化性 能进行了测试,并采用 SLM 技术制备出合金块体,通过对其微观组织、力学性能 及生物学性能等的检测分析,发现这种成型件满足生物医用植入材料的要求。论文取得了以下主要研究结论:① 本文使用的 TC4 合金粉末球化程度很高,颗粒表面光滑,粒度范围在3-52μm 之间,平均粒度 30.65μm,比表面积 0.0652m2/g,粉末的松装密度为2.67g/cm3,无流动性,安息角 38°。② SLM 成型的工艺参数为:激光功率 170W,光斑直径 0.1mm,扫描间距 0.1mm,铺粉厚度 0.04mm,扫描速度 1.2m/s;成型件致密度达到 99.5%;表面粗 糙度为上表面(铺粉方向)22.47μm、侧表面(叠加方向)60.13μm。③ 粉末金相组织为细小的针状 α′马氏体。SLM 成型 TC4 的微观组织为细针状 α′马氏体,退火后组织有所粗化。打印件侧面的微观组织是由贯穿多个熔覆层 呈外延生长的 β 柱状晶粒组成,正面组织呈网格状特征,与激光扫描途径的层间旋转角度基本吻合。④ SLM 成型 TC4 合金主要力学性能为:抗拉强度 1202MPa、屈服强度 1029MPa、延伸率 8.3%、上表面硬度 HV402、侧表面硬度 HV418。SLM 成型件的强度和硬度高于传统铸锻 TC4 合金,但塑性略低;拉伸断口的微观形貌主要为韧性+准解理特征。⑤ 在 SBF 仿生溶液和 Ringer’s 生理盐液中 SLM 成型 TC4 合金相比于传统铸 轧工艺制备的 TC4 合金有着更好的耐蚀性能;退火后的 SLM 成型 TC4 合金相比退火前的腐蚀性能有所下降。⑥ SLM 成型态及退火后的 TC4 合金的溶血率分别为 1.434%、1.389%,小于 5%,不会引起急性溶血,表现出较为优良的血液相容性;两种状态合金的细胞毒 性均为 0 级,对成骨细胞没有毒性,呈现出良好的细胞相容性。关键词:TC4,选区激光熔化,粉末特性,力学性能,生物学性能AbstractSelective laser melting is a new type of additive manufacturing technology. As a result of the superposition processing method for layer by layer, this technique eliminates the traditional processing methods limit geometry, has significant advantages in the preparation of a complex structure with a bore and personalized production. Provide an effective solution to reduce the elastic modulus of TC4 titanium medical implants, reducing stress shielding, adapted to individual needs of different patients. In this paper, a high-quality selection of TC4 titanium alloy powder was tested for its physical and chemical properties, and use SLM technology to prepare alloy block, through detection and analysis of their microstructure, mechanical properties and biological properties found this molded parts to meet the requirements of biomedical implant materials.This paper has made the following conclusions:① The high degree of spheroidization TC4 alloy powder u
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