星球车轮地作用测控系统分析与设计-analysis and design of satellite wheel ground action measurement and control system.docxVIP
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星球车轮地作用测控系统分析与设计-analysis and design of satellite wheel ground action measurement and control system
星球车轮地作用测控系统研究与设计摘要作为外部空间探测不可或缺的重要工具,星球车需要自主运行于星球表 面。但是由于星球表面环境的复杂性和不确定性,导致星球车极易出现滑转 沉陷现象,从而给探测车的勘探任务提出了许多挑战。车轮作为星球车与星 壤直接接触的部件,对于整车的移动性能有着决定性影响,深入研究轮地作 用力学特性对于车轮驱动性能分析和星球车移动控制具有重要意义,因此在 建立地面力学模型的基础上,设计功能完善的轮地作用测控系统十分必要。 本文基于地面力学理论,分析了车轮运动参数和土壤力学特性对轮地作 用力学的影响,为模拟星球车车轮运行状态,建立三种地面力学积分模型: 车轮前进模型、车轮侧偏滚动模型以及车轮转向模型,推导了积分模型集中 力/力矩解析表达式。针对前进模型方程组的高度耦合性和复杂非线性,解 析了模型参数间耦合关系;结合模型解析结果和被动滑转原理,系统研究星球车车轮滑转率估计方法。 在详细介绍俯仰土槽运动装置和车轮滑转测控装置的基础上,给出了针对星球表面环境的崎岖地形模拟方法和确定了基于地面力学模型的轮地作用 测试任务。根据任务需求设计轮地作用测控系统体系结构,提出运动控制系 统和数据采集系统并存的划分方式,进而搭建了硬件系统平台,给出了具体 硬件配置。通过分析测控系统软件总体设计方案,构建了软件系统模块化体 系;采用层次化和封装化方式,开发了轮地作用测控系统软件程序。通过对试验系统、试验步骤和数据处理方法进行分析,开展轮地相互作 用试验。基于车轮前进试验和车轮侧偏滚动试验,研究了测试数据随滑转率 的变化趋势,为车轮驱动性能分析奠定基础;基于车轮被动滑转试验,将滑 转率理论值和实际值进行比较,试验结果验证了力学模型和滑转率估计方法 的合理性和正确性。关键词 星球车;测控系统;地面力学模型;滑转率Research and Design of Measurement and Control System on Wheel-Soil Interaction for RoverAbstractAs an indispensible tool for outer space exploration, rover is required to run on the surface of planet independently. The slip and sinkage phenomenon is easily produced because of the complexity and uncertainty of planet surface environment, which increase many challenges for rover exploration task. The wheel of planetary rover, which contacts directly with the soil, is of decisive influence for mobile performance of the vehicle. It is greatly significant for analysis on driving performance of wheel and mobile control of planet vehicle to deeply research the mechanical properties of wheel-soil interaction. Therefore, it’s very necessary to design a measurement and control system on wheel-soil interaction with perfect function based on building terramechanics models.The influence of wheel-soil interaction mechanics caused by movement parameters of wheel and mechanical properties of soil is analyzed based on terramechanics theory. To simulate the running state of wheel, forward model, side slip rolling model and steering model are builded and analytical expressions of concentrated force and torque in integral model are de
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