星载地基波束形成关键技术分析-analysis of key technologies for fundamental wave beam formation in space-borne earth.docxVIP
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星载地基波束形成关键技术分析-analysis of key technologies for fundamental wave beam formation in space-borne earth
摘 摘 要 I I 摘 要 星载智能天线为静止轨道通信卫星提供了灵活的多波束接入和抗特定方向干 扰的能力,但是随着智能天线的复杂度越来越高,载荷受限导致星载设备日渐无 法提供足够的计算能力来支持多波束的星载波束形成操作。地基波束形成方案弥 补了计算能力的不足的缺陷,有望取代星载方案成为主流,但同时地基方案对阵 列信号的传输质量提出了更高的要求,需要确保卫星阵列接收信号能够以较低的 失真送达地面。 为此,本文通过对现有地基波束形成卫星系统进行调研,对地基波束形成中 关键性问题进行了调查和研究,具体工作如下: 论文首先简要概括了 Ka 波段信道建模的方法,然后对信道模型空间部分和地 面部分进行分析,给出了空间部分和地面部分的信道模型,并在 Ka 波段信道模型 下对误码性能进行仿真验证,最后对大气色散的影响进行了量化分析,结果显示 在单个通道内,群时延差的影响折合相位约为 1.13°。 其次,论文设计了链路多普勒校准和幅相校准的方案,对校准误差来源进行 了详细分析。结合 Ka 波段信道特性,仿真了不同天气下多普勒和幅相校准误差的 收敛情况和残留误差对 RLS 波束形成的影响,结果表明在 30dB 信噪比下,幅度 误差 0.1dB,相位误差 5°是可以满足的。 最后,论文借助矩阵压缩的原理,分析了星地混合波束成形的关键技术,给 出了阵列信号压缩算法的实现方法和平面阵列信号传输模型和具体实现步骤,并 分析了量化阶数和噪声信道传输对压缩信号还原的影响,结果表明在阵元大于波 束个数时,压缩可以降低馈电链路带宽,且不会导致性能的急速恶化。 论文全文对现有地基波束形成卫星系统进行调研,对影响地基波束形成的因 素进行了分析,并对星载压缩方法进行分析分析验证,形成了信道化转发和压缩 转发两条完整仿真链路,为实际系统设计提供了参考。 关键词:GBBF,Ka 波段信道模型,通道校正,带宽压缩 AB ABSTRACT - - II - ABSTRACT Spacebased smart antenna has provided geostationary communication satellites with flexible multi-beam access and ability to cancel a particular direction interference. But as the complexity of the smart antenna getting higher, spacebased equipment has more difficulties to provide enough capacity for supporting multi-beam-forming operation. Ground-based-beam-forming has been successfully made up for the inadequacy of spacebased one. It is supposed to take the place of spacebased solution as mainstream. While, at the same time the transmission quality of array signal is higher, there needs to ensure the receiving signal at a lower distortion reaching the ground. Therefore in this paper, based on the research of ground based beam forming satellite system, key issues on the formation is investigated. The specific works are as follows: Firstly, this paper summarizes the Ka-band channel modeling methods briefly, and analyzes the space part and the ground part of the channel model. Then the space and ground part of channel model is given. The error performance under Ka-band is simulated, and the effect of channel fading and the influence of atmospheric dispersi
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