合同案例的语境翻译及其应用──译hongkong firshipping co ltd v kawasaki kisen kaisha 有感word格式论文.docxVIP

manyofwhichinvolveddelayscausedbythe breachofashipowner’sobligationtoproceed withreasonabledispatch.Anearlyexampleis FreemanvTaylor,whereashiphadbeen charteredtotakeacargototheCapeofGood Hope,andthentomakeitswaytoBombayto pickup acargoofcotton.Insteadofproceeding directly to Bombay fromtheCape,theship wentviaMauritius,whereitdeliveredacargo ofcattleontheowner’saccount.Thisdelayed itsarrivalinBombaybysix weeks, andthe chartererrefusedtoload.Inanactionbythe owneronthecharter,thejuryweredirectedto considerwhetherthedelayhad deprived the chartererofthebenefitofthecontract,and they foundthatithad.Itwasheldthatthishadbeen aproperdirection,andanewtrialwasrefused. Acasewhichwenttheotherwayis MacAndrewvChapple,whereashipwas chartered‘withallconvenientspeed…having libertytotakean outwardcargoforowner’s benefitdirectorontheway,toproceedto Alexandriaandthereloadafullcargoof cotton.’Theshipdeviated,andarrivedat Alexandriaafewdayslate.Itwasheldthatthe delayaffordednojustificationforthe charterer’srefusaltoload,butthathewas limitedtoacross-actionfordamages. AccordingtoWillesJ,Itis… settled… thatadelay ordeviationwhich, asithasbeensaid,goesto thewholerootofthe matter,deprivethechartererofthewhole benefitofthecontract,orentirelyfrustratesthe objectofthechartererincharteringtheship,is造成的合理发货延误。一个早期的例子是弗里曼诉泰勒一案，船已经租好装货去好望角，然后前往孟买装棉花。然而船舶并没有直接从好望角去孟买，而是路经毛里求斯，交付了船东运载的牛。结果，货船迟到孟买六个星期，租船方因此拒绝装货。船东因此提出起诉，陪审团受命考虑货船的延误是否直接剥夺了租船方的合同利益。结果发现，的确如此。这个结果是恰当的，因此重审被拒绝。另一个异曲同工的案件是马坎德鲁诉查普尔案，承租方所租的船“以正常的行进速度... 前往亚历山大装载棉花，出于船东利益，可顺路或装上一离港的货物。然而船偏离了行程，并比预计迟了几天抵达亚历山大。判决结果是，货船延误并不足以证明承租方拒绝装货是合理的，他的权利也仅限于上诉要求损害赔偿。维勒斯法官的陈述如下，“正如所说的，对于起诉没有装货的答辩，需要解决的是延误或者航行偏离航线是否涉及到事情的根本，即是否剥夺了承租方的所有合同利益，还是承租方租船的合同标的完全受挫。但这一损失，无论是因为延误到达ananswertoanactionfornotloadingacargo; butthatloss,delayordeviationshortofthat givesanactionfordamages, butdoesnotdefeat the charter.Thesameprinciplewasalsoappliedincases wheretherehadbeenabreachoftheobligation ofseaworthiness. InHavelock vGeddes, for example,itwasheld thatitwasno answerto an