A名词性从句教学课件.docVIP

从句 从句是相对于主句而言的，即它是从属于某一个主句，虽然具有一般句子的结构，但只能作整个句子的某一成分而不能单独作一个句子。在英语中，按照从句所表达意思的内容，主要分为三大从句，即： 名词性从句（包括主语从句，宾语从句，表语从句，同位语从句）、形容词性从句（即定语从句）、 副词性从句（即状语从句,包括时间、条件、结果、目的、原因、让步、地点、方式等）。 主语从句用作主语，如： That the earth is round is true. 宾语从句用作宾语。如： Do you know where he lives? 表语从句用作表语，如： My opinion is that you should not go alone. 同位语从句用于解释说明前面的名词。如： The fact that the earth is round is true. （that从句用于解释说明the fact） 定语从句相当于一个形容词，用于修饰前面的名词。如： The student who answered the question was John. 回答问题的学生是John. 状语从句相当于一个副词，如： When it rains, I usually go to school by bus. 天下雨时，我通常坐公共汽车上学。（时间状语） If he comes tomorrow, you will see him. 如果他明天来，你就可以看见他。（if 引导的条件状语从句，其结构为：if +状语从句，＋主句）。要注意在状语从句中有一个规则是“主将从现”，即主句是将来时，则从句要用一般现在时表示将来。 从句的特征： 从句句首一般有关系词（引导词连接词、关联词）。 A类： that B类： if, whether C类： what,when,where,who,why,whose,which how,whom D类：since,as,while,before,after,till,until once,whenever,wherever,because,unless though,although, E类：as soon as, as long as, so long as, in case, so that, in order that, so...that, such...that, as if, each time,next time, the first time,the last time by the time, from the time. 具有一般句子的结构，并且句子的语序永远是陈述语序。 特别是当连词为特殊疑问词时，此时，必须明了的是，从句并非特殊疑问句。因而，从句不得用问句形式，而必须用陈述语序。 (1)I asked him what he was doing there. (2)They wanted to know where I had been. (3)The teacher wondered why he was late for class. (4)He told us whom the house belonged to. (5)I felt surprised how he made it. 从句的时态要与主句相呼应。 A:主句是现在时，从句任意 I know (that) he studies English every day. （从句用一般现在时） 　　 I know (that) he studied English last term. （从句用一般过去时） 　　 I know (that) he will study English next year. （从句用一般将来时） 　　 I know (that) he has studied English since 1998. （从句用现在完成时） (1)He always helps me with my English when he has time. (2)She always says that she had a tough life in the past. (3)Nobody knows what he will do in the future. （4)The boys are talking about the football game which was shown on TV yesterday. (5)The studen