解磷菌的筛选及性能测定.docVIP

摘要 磷素是植物生长的大量必需营养元素之一，在土壤中极易被固定而使其有效性降低，因此对解磷菌的研究一直受到科学家的重视。利用解磷微生物将植物难以吸收的磷转化成为可吸收利用的形态，是当前加强土壤磷素的利用率的一个重要且环保的途径。文章阐述了对七种植物根际土壤中解磷菌的筛选，它们分别是：小白菜、油菜、婆婆纳、菠菜、苦买菜、荠菜、萝卜的根际土样。我们将采集到的7个土样打碎处理后，吸取上清液后进行富集培养，再将富集液等梯度稀释后，涂布至PKO平板培养基上，观察菌落透明圈。再选取透明圈较为明显的菌落在PKO斜面培养基上划线以进一步分离纯化。我们从这7个土样中筛选出了37个不同的菌株，其中细菌35株，真菌2株。再将筛选出的解磷菌利用钼酸铵分光光度法测量菌种的解磷能力并探究解磷能力与溶液pH之间的关系，并对对解磷能力比较好的菌株进行了菌样保藏，以便日后对其进行菌种鉴定。经过本次试验结果表明，我们筛选出的解磷菌部分解磷能力很强，溶磷量最高达408mg/L。并且解磷能力与pH表现出很强的相关性，即解磷能力越强，再培养一段时间后，对应培养基的pH越低低，就本次试验还表明真菌的解磷能力较细菌强一些。本文还论述了对解磷菌的研究意义及今后应加强的研究方向。 关键词：解磷菌；解磷能力；透明圈 Abstrct Phosphorus is one of the most important macro-element for plant growth. But the available phosphorusin soil is decreased because it is easily fixed up by soil, so the study of using phosphate-solubilizingmicroorganisms (PSM) to increase available phosphorus content in soil is a pivotal project for scientists. Using of phosphate-solubilizing microorganisms to transform the phosphate into the one that can be absorbed and used, is an important and environmentally friendly way.?The article describes the selection of PSM from seven plants’s rhizosphere soil degradation,and they are: XBC, YC, PPN, BC, KMC, JC, LB’s rhizosphere soil samples.? 37 different strains were selcted using the PKO medium from the seven soil samples ,and we then judge the solubilizing capacity from PKO plate colony size and clear zone size, and then use?Ammonium molybdate spectrophotometric method to determine the ability of bacteria.?We saved some PSM of good dissolving ability for the future conduct of Identification.?The results showed that the PSM of relatively good dissolving ability of strain after cultured for some time, corresponded low pH of medium. And the experiment also showed that the dissolving ability of fungi stronger than that of some bacteria.?This article also discusses the significance of the research on the bacteria and the future research direction that should be strengthened. Key words: Phosphate solubilizing bacteria; Phosphate solub