第六讲_词义选择和引申.docVIP

第六讲 词义的选择和引申 请看下面几个英文句子及其译文，体会词义选择技巧的运用。 1．The pilot turned the plane around and headed for home. 飞行员掉转机头，朝家飞去。 飞行员掉转机头，朝基地飞去。 These were all labeled as good eggs. 这些鸡蛋都贴有好鸡蛋的标签。 这些鸡蛋都贴有新鲜鸡蛋的标签。 Their success is a challenge to my efforts. 他们的成功对我做出的努力是一个挑战。 他们的成功鞭策我做出努力。 I left my golf clubs and two bottles of brandy inside the car. 我把高尔夫俱乐部还有两瓶白兰地酒遗忘在车里了。 B． 我把高尔夫球杆还有两瓶白兰地酒遗忘在车里了。 词义的选择 一般来说，词义主要分为语法词义、语境词义和搭配词义，翻译时要根据词语在语法、语境和搭配方面的实际情况，来选择符合原文意思并符合汉语表达习惯的词义。 (一) 语法词义 根据语法来判断单词在句子中的词性，然后选择和确定其词义，即先确定单词在句子中属于哪一词性，然后根据词性，正确选择词义。 Each cable-car can seat up to six persons. Since you are so close, please close the door. My father is a regular in that restaurant, and all of the waiters know him. John has a surprise in store for him when he gets home tonight. The police are asking the public to help them find the two dangerous bank robbers. Eat what you can and can what you cannot. He saw a man sawing trees with a saw. The pigeon homed from a distance of 100 miles.\ The sellers apparently admitted their fault, but refused to pay damages. 1. Each cable-car can seat up to six persons. 每辆缆车最多可乘坐6个人。 2. Since you are so close, please close the door. 2. 既然你靠得那么近，那就请你关上门吧。 3. My father is a regular in that restaurant, and all of the waiters know him.. 3. 我父亲是那家餐馆的常客，那里所有的服务员都认识他。 4. John has a surprise in store for him when he gets home tonight. 约翰今晚回家时有一个意外的惊喜在等着他。 5. The police are asking the public to help them find two dangerous bank robbers. 警方请求公众帮助他们寻找两个危险的银行抢劫犯。 6. Eat what you can and can what you cannot. 7. He saw a man sawing trees with a saw. 6. 能吃多少吃多少，吃不掉的就做成罐头。 7. 他看见一个人正在用锯子锯树。 8. The pigeon homed from a distance of 100 miles. 那只鸽子从100英里远的地方飞了回来。 9. The sellers apparently admitted their fault, but refused to pay damages. 9. 卖方表面上承认了错误，但却拒付赔偿金。 (二) 语境词义 根据单词在上下文语境的意义来选择和确定词义。 1．In the US, Washington is the seat of government and New York is the chief seat of commerce. 2. Please take a look at the minutes of the previous meeting. 3. The buyer cann