Applied Game Theory and Strategic Behavior4精品.pdfVIP

Chapter 3 Modeling Games with Computer Software and Experimenting Games In this chapter, we introduce modeling techniques using computer software. First, we review two games that are commonly described in many game theory textbooks, as well as a sample game of dominated strategies. The purpose here is to model games by using key game theory concepts introduced in the last chapter. The games discussed in this chapter are presented in the simplest form. Each can be extended to more generalized situations such as imperfect information games and repeated games. Basic forms of these games are modeled using MATLAB here, and are illustrated by Visio. A common assumption in game theory is that a player is concerned with maximiz- ing his individual utility function. He is unconcerned with another player’s utility. This is clearly an abstraction of actual human behavior. A game is ultimately defined by its form, not by the story behind the game. This is important to keep in mind, so that the reader does not get lost in unimportant details. © 2010 by Taylor and Francis Group, LLC 36 Applied Game Theory and Strategic Behavior Prisoner’s Dilemma In this classic game, two players, prisoner I and prisoner II, have been arrested on suspicion of committing a crime. The law enforcement officers put them in separate rooms. Each prisoner must independently make the decision whether or not to con- fess his crime without knowing his partner’s actions. The law offers both prisoners the following deal. If one prisoner denies the crime and remains quiet, while the other confesses, then the law will reward the confessor by letting him go free, while the law will punish the prisoner who does not confess by sending him to jail for 10 years. If both prisoner I and prisoner II confess, the law puts the prisoners away for 5 years. Finally, If both of the prisoners cooperate and do