牙周医学教学（中山大学）7年制20172绪论病因.pptVIP

Similar associated genes Alteration on microflora PMN leukocyte dysfunction Altered collagen metabolism The effects of AGE products (advanced glycation end products) * * The Mechanisms * * Thank You! * * * * * * * * * How Should We Understand Etiology of Periodontal Diseases? The clinical manifestations of periodontal disease result from a complex interplay between the etiologic agents Bacterial plaque is the etiologic factor responsible for inducing the host inflammatory process Increased plaque accumulation results from ineffective oral hygiene and is further complicated by the presence of local factors such as calculus overhanging dental restorations or crowded and malaligned teeth * How Should We Understand Etiology of Periodontal Diseases? * The host response to bacterial plaque is influenced by the individual’s genotype, or genetic makeup, and by environmental influences Host factors may act locally in reducing resistance to periodontal tissue destruction as a result of bacterial challenge, and the bacterial challenge may produce local or systemic responses that contribute to a systemic disease * Periodontitis is the bacterially infected, inflammatory disease. Host defense system is critical for host’s susceptibility to infection. Inflammatory mediators, including PGE2, IL-1, TNF-? and MMPs play the key roles in the pathogenesis of periodontitis. * Pathogenesis of Periodontitis An individual may have increased susceptibility due to different factors; Gene polymorphisms associated with increased susceptibility may be quiet heterogeneous; An individual with increased susceptibility may be influenced by multiple genes (major effect genes, minor effect genes). * Pathogenesis of Periodontitis * Dental Plaque ---- Initiator It was found through epidemiologic studies that the severity of gingivitis and the amount of alveolar bone loss were positively related to the amount of dental plaque. The clinical studies indicate