private funds - green partnerships：私募基金的绿色合作伙伴.docxVIP

Public Private Partnerships, types and structuresA PPP is a partnership between the public sector and the private sector for the purpose of delivering a project or a service traditionally provided by the public sector. PPPs recognise that both parties have certain advantages relative to the other in the performance of specific tasks. By allowing each sector to do what it does best, public services and infrastructure can be provided in the most economically efficient manner. Designed appropriately, PPPs can generate substantial benefits for consumers and taxpayers. The scope of potential benefit will, however, depend on the type of project being undertaken and the exact terms of the contract governing the PPP. It is important to note that public bodies have a critical role to play in the management and regulation of PPP during their design, construction and operation. PPPs also require effective contract monitoring procedures to ensure that contractual obligations continue to be met in terms of both quality and timing. It is also essential to recognize that the nomenclature used to describe the partnership process has not been standardized. There are several terms often used. There are also single terms that are used loosely and can be applied to situations that are fundamentally different. As such, it is necessary for PPP practitioners to delve beyond the terms and concepts and become familiar with the way in which the partnership process itself works. The following figure presents the interaction between public and private responsibility in combination with the various types of PPPs.Under the traditional public procurement model, government agencies can utilize the services of the private sector for design and construction, with the award of individual contracts made on a competitive basis. However, private sector participation usually does not extend beyond these functions. The above-mentioned type involves cases where limited responsibilities assumed by the publi