The Status of the Presumption of Innocence in Irish Criminal Law无罪推定在爱尔兰的刑法地位.docVIP

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The Status of the Presumption of Innocence in Irish Criminal Law无罪推定在爱尔兰的刑法地位.doc

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The Status of the Presumption of Innocence in Irish Criminal Law无罪推定在爱尔兰的刑法地位.doc

The Status of the Presumption of Innocence in Irish Criminal Law J. Martin 27 November 2010 Criminal Justice system There is a responsibility on the State to provide for a criminal justice system that is both fair and effective. Academics and lawyers understandably tend to focus on the fairness. There are cogent reasons why those involved in the legislative process have to look at both effectiveness as well as fairness. OHiggins C.J. in a 1977 case ( Re Criminal Law (Jurisdiction) Bill 1975 [1977] IR 129) stated that the concept of due course of law requires: a fair and just balance between the exercise of individual freedoms and the requirements of an ordered society. In a later case in 1982 (OHiggins CJ People (DPP) v OShea [1982] IR 384 ) he returned to the theme when he said that The Constitution is concerned with justice and, in the context of this case, with criminal trials being fairly conducted in due course of law. While these considerations provide safeguards for the person accused, they also guarantee to the State which accuses him and which has a duty to detect and suppress crime that he will be tried fairly and properly ... The Balance in the Criminal Law Review Group pointed out that the European Convention on Human Rights entails an obligation on the State to secure the right to life, including a requirement to put in place effective criminal law provisions to deter the commission of offences against the person (Taylor Gibson and King 23412/94 D and R 79-A (1993) p.127 (136).) From the perspective of those involved in the legislative process, the criminal justice system is therefore not about a monolithic State versus a private individual. It is about criminal justice system that maintains a proper balance between the rights of the accused, the rights of victims and the rights of society. If this balance swings too much to one side or to the other it can have serious consequences for the integrity of the criminal justice system. A perce