GMAT语法with 的用法推荐.docVIP

with 的用法 with的用法（ 伴随一般被视为累赘） 独立主格，表示伴随，所以必须修饰主谓宾结构，而非主系表结构。 独立主格三种形式： 1)一般形式（独立部分与主句部分无太多关联）n.+n.，n.+V-ed/v-ing，n.+介词短语/形容词短语 2)with形式（与主句主语有紧密的逻辑关系）：with+宾语+宾补，如：with+n.+v-ed/v-ing/介词短语/形容词短语 3)each形式（必须前面有复数名词）： each+v-ed/v-ing，each+介词短语/形容词短语，each+n.+介词短语 *：with型独立主格在GMAT中常常被判累赘。 With引导独立主格结构有修饰歧义--放在中间可修饰前者也可修饰后者。 Eg. 关于夹心修饰 (by aeoluseros)： 所以歧义修饰，是因为引发了不同的理解，而并不是语法上是否会有不同的修饰，所谓夹心修饰也是这个原则。很多人对“夹心修饰”都有过一个误解，认为S, v-ing, V. + O.结构中，v-ing既可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V就是夹心，而实际上夹心并不是“可以往前修饰S，也可以往后修饰V” 。在S, v-ing, V. + O.这样的表达中，v-ing约定俗成只伴随修饰动词，见下例： prep 2-104 The yield per acre of coffee berries varies enormously, because a single tree, depending on its size and on climate and altitude, is able to produce enough berries to make between one and twelve pounds of dried beans a year. 这个句子里depending不能改为dependent，因为depending和dependent的区别在于，前者伴随修饰谓语动词is able to produce，后者则是修饰名词single tree，会造成逻辑上不对 —— “一棵树依靠它的size”。 with独立主格结构： 由“with ＋宾语＋宾补”构成的复合结构，在句中可作状语，表示伴随。这一结构中的宾语补足语可由现在分词、过去分词、形容词、副词或介词短语等来充当： Visitors to the park have often looked into the leafy canopy and seen monkeys sleeping on the branches, with arms and legs hanging like socks on a clothesline. Q16: PP73. With no natural predators and expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that allow no hunting, wildlife officials estimate the New Jersey deer population to have grown to exceed 175,000 With no natural predators and expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that allow no hunting, wildlife officials estimate the New Jersey deer population to have With no natural predators and with expanses of green suburban neighborhoods that do not allow hunting, wildlife officials estimate of the deer population in New Jersey has With no natural predators and with expanses of green suburban neighborhoods where there is no hunting, the deer population in New Jersey, wildlife officials estimate, has Without natural predators and no hunting allowed in expanse of green suburban neighborhoods, New Jersey has a deer population that wil