年级第四单元《认识平均分第32课时》.pptVIP

Plant Breeding and Applied Genetics Ute Achenbach Summer, 2008 Course Objectives Comprehend and be able to discuss how breeders meet their breeding goals today as opposed to several decades ago. This requires basic knowledge on classical breeding methods and an understanding on molecular breeding. Examples will be provided to emphasize the importance of genetics in modern breeding practices. Learning outcomes understand the developments in plant breeding and the state of the art breeding practices (ornamentals vs. crops) have some knowledge on the basics of genetics (Mendel, QTL etc.) and understand the idea and the potential of genetic engineering have some understanding on the concepts of molecular breeding have some (practical) knowledge to apply molecular markers for the identification of traits in the genome be able to determine whether information from the internet regarding modern breeding methods are relevant and informative  History and development of plant breeding (a journey through time) 13th May 2008 Domestication: The process by which people try to control the reproductive rates of animals and plants. Without knowledge on the transmission of traits from parents to their offspring. Plant Breeding: The application of genetic analysis to development of plant lines better suited for human purposes. Plant Breeding and Selection Methods to meet the food, feed, fuel, and fiber needs of the world Genetic Engineering to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of plant breeding. Example: Peach (Prunus persica) Originates from China Introduced to Persia and the Mediterranean region along the silk route Trade and cultural interaction Breeding objectives Food (yield and nutritional value), feed, fibre, pharmaceuticals (plantibodies), landscape, industrial need (eg. Crops are being produced in regions to which they are not native). Note: Details among plant species vary because of origin, mode of reproduction, ploidy levels, and traits of