德国民法上的公法人制度研究精选.pdfVIP

　　法学家 　2007 年第 4 期 　　 [域外法与国际法] 德国民法上的公法人制度研究 周友军 　　 [摘 　要] 　德国法上的公法人包括公法社团、公营造物和公法财团三种 。对于公法人在私法领域的 活动范围的限制 , 应当采代理权限制说 。公法人实施私法行为时 , 应当适用私法 , 且法人依章程任命的代 理人的行为被看作法人自己的行为 。另外 , 有破产能力的公法人的董事有义务申请该公法人进入破产程 序 , 否则要对债权人因迟延申请所造成的损害承担责任 。德国公法人理论对于我国公法人制度的借鉴意义 为 : 帮助我们对我国法上的公法人进行分类整理 ; 公法人从事 目的范围外的活动 , 应当认定为法人代表人 没有相应的代表权 ; 承认一定范围的公法人具有破产能力并强化董事等申请破产的义务 ; 通过扩大 “法定 代表人”的内涵 , 来解决所谓的 “职务代理”问题 。 　　 [ 关键词] 　公法人 　公法社团　公法财团　公营造物 　　 [ Abstract] 　In German civil law , public legal persons are divided into three group s , namely public associa tions , public foundations and public A nstalten The limitations , which lay down upon about the activities of public legal persons , should be considered to be limitations about the power of agents When public legal persons act in the civil field , the civil law is applied The representatives act as if the legal person itself What ’s more , the administrators should apply for the liquidation process , otherwise they are responsible for the loss of the debtors The theory about Ger many public legal persons is of great importance to us Firstly it help s us categorize legal persons in Chinese civil law Secondly when a public legal person acts outside of the purposeoriented scope , the representative should be take of as Ultra Vires Thirdly we should let some public j uristic persons go bankrupt , and the administrators take responsibility to apply for the liquidation process Lastly we can interpret the concept of legal representatives in order to solve the problem about the agency according to position 　　[ Key words] 　Pub