文化，产业关系，与经济发展：秘鲁的案例.docVIP

毕业论文外文翻译 外文题目： CULTURE, INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF PERU 出 处： Industrial Labor Relations Review，Jul63, Vol. 16 Issue 4, p583-594, 12p 作 者： WILLIAM F. WHYTE. 原 文： CULTURE, INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS, AND ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT: THE CASE OF PERU ropr_420 839..880 The economists who give their attention to the study of the developing countries are now generally agreed that culture has an extremely important impact upon economic development and upon the pattern of industrial relations found in a given country. Nevertheless, the governments of these countries generally tend to neglect the culture and concentrate their attention upon capital, natural resources, transportation, technical education, and so on—-all of these being factors which appear to be more or less concrete. Why is culture generally neglected in development plans? There are certainly several reasons for this condition, and I shall focus our attention on only one of them. My theory is that in the planning of the economic policy makers, those factors for which measurements are readily available tend to receive attention, whereas the factors for which measurements are not readily available tend to be neglected. To the layman, culture appears to be a vague and nebulous notion. It is fashionable these days to acknowledge that culture is important, but if the government planner finds difficulty in understanding what it is and has no idea how many aspects of it might be measured, then he is unlikely to develop plans consciously designed to change culture. For this reason, the development of measuring instruments for cultures may be an essential step in the forward movement of the developing countries. This is a report on one such effort. It grows out of fifteen months of research in Peru on Human Problems of Industrial Development. The project was planned as a series of fie