儿科保健和小儿营养PPT.ppt

PVpoliomyelitis vaccine 3rd dose at 4 mo of age is recommended ,close to the areas of high endemicity of poliomyelitis An additional dose:18 mo of age and another prior to school entry. Ordinarily started at 3 mo of age Two additional doses are given at 1-2 mo intervals DPT and Td(diphtheria) should be given intramuscularly, preferably in the anterolateral thigh in young infants and either in the thigh or the deltoid in older children. DPT Diphtheria Pertussis Tetanus Vaccine MMR（MV）measles-mumps-rubella（measles ） vaccine A live attenuated vaccine Be administered at 8 mo of age in China Reactions to Vaccine Local swelling and tenderness at the site of injection Slight fever Irritability Neurologic reactions Transient rashes Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine CONTRAINDICATIONS ? Hypersensitivity to eggs, neomycin, or polymyxin, or life-threatening reaction to previous influenza vaccination. WARNINGS AND PRECAUTIONS ? If Guillain-Barré Syndrome (GBS) has occurred within 6 weeks of previous influenza vaccination, the decision to give Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine should be based on careful consideration of the potential benefits and risks. ? Immunocompromised persons may have a diminished immune response to Influenza A (H1N1) Vaccine. Contraindications to Vaccine Pregnancy Immunocompromised / immunodeficiency Therapeutic immunosuppression An acute febrile illness Delayed Immunization Infants more than 2 mo but less than 14 mo of age without any immunization should be started on the same sequence of immunizations and intervals between doses as those recommended for young infants. Children 14 mo-7 yr of age who have received no immunizations should receive DPT, OPV, and a tuberculin test at the 1st visit. All children should receive a dose of Td in early adolescence. When immunization is delayed, questions arise about the simultaneous administration of multiple antigens, such as giving DTP, OPV, and MMR at the initial visit. In al