第21章 螺旋体PPT.ppt

第二十一章 螺旋体(spirochete);螺旋体(spirochete)是一类细长、柔软、螺旋状、运动活泼的原核细胞型微生物； 基本结构与细菌相似，有细胞壁、原始核质，以二分裂方式繁殖和对抗生素等药物敏感等。 ;Syphilis - Treponema pallidum Leptospirosis - Leptospira interrogans Relapsing fever - Borrelia recurrentis Lyme disease - Borrelia burgdorferi;螺旋体; Borrelia burgdorferi ;病原性螺旋体的特性;第一节 钩端螺旋体属(Leptospira);螺旋细密、规则，形似细小珍珠排列的细链。一端或两端呈钩状。菌体常呈C、S或8字型 革兰染色阴性，不易着染 Fontana镀银染色法→染成棕褐色 运动活泼;营养要求较高，常用含10％兔血清的Korthof培养基 适宜生长温度为28－30℃，最适pH7.2－7.6 钩端螺旋体在人工培养基中生长缓慢。在液体培养基中，培养一周左右，呈现为半透明云雾状生长 需氧或微需氧 ;Korthof培养基;抵抗力: 弱;抗原性;分 型;Leptospirosis is a widely spread disease of global concern. Infection causes flu-like episodes with frequent severe renal and hepatic damage, such as haemorrhage and jaundice. In more severe cases, massive pulmonary haemorrhages, including fatal sudden haemoptysis, can occur. Here we report the complete genomic sequence of a representative virulent serovar type strain (Lai) of Leptospira interrogans serogroup Icterohaemorrhagiae consisting of a 4.33-megabase large chromosome and a 359-kilobase small chromosome, with a total of 4,768 predicted genes. In terms of the genetic determinants of physiological characteristics, the facultatively parasitic L. interrogans differs extensively from two other strictly parasitic pathogenic spirochaetes, Treponema pallidum and Borrelia burgdorferi, although similarities exist in the genes that govern their unique morphological features. A comprehensive analysis of the L. interrogans genes for chemotaxis/motility and lipopolysaccharide synthesis provides a basis for in-depth studies of virulence and pathogenesis. The discovery of a series of genes possibly related to adhesion, invasion and the haematological changes that characterize leptospirosis has provided clues about how an environmental organism might evolve into an important human pathogen. Ren SX, Fu G, Jiang XG, Zeng R, Miao YG, Xu H, Zhang YX, Xiong H, Lu G, Lu LF, Jiang HQ, Jia J, Tu YF, Jiang JX, Gu WY, Zhang YQ, Cai Z, Sheng HH, Yin HF, Zhang Y, Zhu