我国果蔗产业的现状与可持续发展 The Production Situation and Sustainable Development of Fruit Cane in China.pdfVIP

甘蔗糖业 2013 年第5 期，2013 年10 月 Sugarcane and Canesugar No. 5, Oct. 2013 我国果蔗产业的现状与可持续发展 * 王继华，曹　干 ，张剑亮，王　丽，吕　冰 (广东省农业科学院作物研究所，广东广州510640) 摘 要：果蔗是华南地区传统的经济作物，目前在我国大部分地区也广泛种植。随着种植面积的不断 扩大，近年来屡屡出现滞销，蔗农丰产不丰收，严重挫伤了蔗农种蔗积极性，影响整个果蔗产业的健 康发展。本文就我国果蔗产业的现状进行调查，探讨果蔗持续发展的对策。 关键词：果蔗 现状 发展 中图分类号：S566.1 文献标识码：B 文章编号：1005-9695(2013)05-0056-06 The Production Situation and Sustainable Development of Fruit Cane in China WANG Ji-hua, CAO Gan, ZHANG Jian-liang, WANG Li, LÜ Bing (Crops Research Institute, Guangdong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510640) Abstract: Fruit cane is an important traditional economic crop in tropical and subtropical area, which is also widely planted in most area of our country. With the yield of fruit cane growing, dull sale was occurred frequently in recent years, which seriously dampened the enthusiasm of cane farmers and affected the development of the whole sugarcane industry. This paper investigated the general situation of fruit cane production and problems in breeding, cultivating technologies and sales. The authors suggested some solutions for sustainable development of fruit cane in China. Keywords: Fruit cane; Production; Development 0 引言 蔗的主要产地集中在我国南方广东﹑广西、云南和 果蔗，水果型甘蔗的简称，具有解渴充饥、清 福建等省，目前在我国大部分地区都已有种植[3] 。 凉解毒、消除疲劳等功效，是一种深受人们喜爱的 近几年由于果蔗集中上市，销路不畅，缺乏保鲜贮 鲜食果品[1] 。其中以两广地区种植的黑皮果蔗最为 藏和深加工技术等原因导致滞销屡屡发生，给蔗农 有名，俗称为“广甘”。果蔗在我国的栽培历史悠 带来巨大经济损失。果蔗丰产而不丰收的现状严重 久，汉朝《神异经》中已有记载，据此推算其种植 挫伤蔗农种蔗积极性，影响我国果蔗产业的可持续 历史至少已有2000 多年[2] 。果蔗的含糖量为18%～ 发展。本文将分析当前果蔗生产现状以及对整个产 20% ，主要是蔗糖、葡萄糖和果糖等易吸收的糖类 业的可持续发展进行探讨。 以及人体所必需的多种氨基酸、维生素和微量元