2班中译英第一次作业(潘).docVIP

2班中译英第一次作业（潘） 在氢原子结构基础上，简单介绍了有效核电荷的概念，and further由此建立起多电子原子轨道的近似能级图。 Based on the hydrogen atomic structure, the concept of effective nuclear charge is simply （briefly）introduced, and then the generalized energy-level diagram for (to) multi-electron atomic orbital is built (proposed). 实验证明，在多电子原子中核外电子的运动遵循泡利不相容原理、能量最低原理和洪特规则。 The experiment indicates that the motion （movement）of extranuclear electrons among multi- electronic atoms follows the Pauli exclusion principle, lowest energy principle and Hund’s rule. 从而使学生能比较准确地掌握电子在原子核外的运动状态及分布规律， 在此基础上，深入了解元素周期表的本质和元素性质的周期性。 Thus, it induces that students master (grasp) clearly the motion state and distribution law for (of) extranuclear electrons. On that basis, the nature of elemental periodic table and the periodic trends for elemental characteristics are deep understood. 分子是由原子组成的，而原子是怎样组成分子的呢？本章主要介绍了共价键的本质、特性、类型及键参数。 A molecule consists of atoms, and how to constitute a molecule by atoms? In this chapter, the nature, charateristics, configuration and bonding parameters of covalent bond are mainly introduced. 为了解释分子的空间构型，在价键理论基础上，介绍了杂化轨道理论，配合物的价键理论和价层电子对互斥理论。此外还简单介绍了分子轨道理论、离子键和金属键。 For explaining the steric configuration (geometries) of a molecule, the hybrid orbital theory, bonding theory for coordination compound (complex) and valence shell electron pair repulsion (VSEPR) theory are identified then. In addition, the molecular orbital theory, ionic bond and metal bond are also simply （briefly） introduced. 宏观物体的运动规律可以通过位置和动量等经典力学来描述，而电子等微观粒子的运动规律与宏观物体存在着本质区别。 The motion rule of macro matter can be described through the classical mechanism, such as its situation and momentum, and the motion rule of micro particles, such as electron, has essential difference (diverse, variation) compared with macro matter. 为了描述电子等微观粒子的运动规律，薛定谔、海森堡、狄拉克等创立了量子力学，为物质微观结构的研究奠定了可靠的理论基础。 For showing the motion rule of these micro particles, Shrodinger, Heisenberg and Dirac found the quantum mechanics, and further, the theory