financing 名词解释 中英.docxVIP

NOL：net operating lossA net operating loss is a loss taken in a period where a companys allowable tax deductions are greater than its taxable income, resulting in a negative taxable income.经营纯损额NPOAT:net operating profit after taxesNet operating profit after tax (NOPAT) is a companys potential cash earnings if its capitalization were unleveraged (that is, if it had no debt). 税后净营运利润NPV:net present valueNet Present Value (NPV) is the difference between the present value of cash inflows and the present value of cash outflows. 净现值NQC:net working capitalNet working capital is a measure of both a companys efficiency and its short-term financial health. Net working Capital = Current Assets - Current Liabilities净营运资本NSS:net share settlementThe resolution of all of a banks transactions at the end of the day. Since banks engage in so many electronic transactions, they cannot simply count their cash at the end of the day to see how much money they have. 净股权结算QIBs:qualified institutional buyersA Qualified Institutional Buyer is one that owns and invests, on a discretionary basis, at least $100 million in securities; for a broker-dealer the threshold is $10 million.合格的机构买家ROA:return on assetsReturn on assets is an indicator of how profitable a company is relative to its total assets.资产收益率ROI:return on investmentROI is a performance measure used to evaluate the efficiency of an investment or to compare the efficiency of a number of different investments.投资回报率organic growthOrganic growth is the growth rate that a company can achieve by increasing output and enhancing sales.有机增长PIK:payment-in-kind interestPayment-in-kind (PIK) is the use of a good or service as payment instead of cash.实物支付债券FCF:Price to Free Cash FlowPrice to free cash flow is a valuation metric that compares a companys market price to its level of annual free cash flow.股价与自由现金流比P/E:price-to-earning ratioThe price-earnings ratio is the ratio for valuing a company that measures its current share price relative to i