托福规律总结(修订版).docVIP

语法总结 1. 词性：看该词后面修饰的是什么词，副词修饰形容词、动词，形容词修饰名词；如果是用and连接的并列结构，看前后并列的成分都是什么词性 a. 名词与形容词 e.g. 1. Fuel is any substance or material that reacts chemically with another substance or material to produce hot (改为heat). (p85.27) 2. The world’s water balance is regulated by the constant circulation of water in liquid and vapor form among the oceans, the atmospheric (改为atmosphere) , and the land. (p164.16) b. 形容词与副词 e.g. At the National Archives, a repository for records of the United States government, visitors can view the originally (改为original) Declaration of Independence. (p99.36) c. 名词与动词 e.g. Four different types of remembering are ordinarily distinguished by psychologists: recollection, recall, recognize (改为recognization), and relearning. (p59.29) d. 形容词与动词 e.g. The aim of the decorative arts is to beautiful (改为beautify) our surroundings. (p165.22) 2. 时态：句子中要注意时态一致，注意时间副词 a. 过去的事情一定用过去时； e.g. The Spanish claiming (改为claimed) title to all of North America and established the oldest city in the United States, St. Augustine, Florida, in 1565. (p58.17) b. 在过去某一个时间点已经完成的用过去完成时； e.g. By 1899 Ransom Olds had establish (改为established) in Detroit, Michigan, the first factory in the United States for the manufacture of automobiles. (p84.16) c. 现在仍持续中的用现在完成时； e.g. The care of children during their years of relative helplessness appears to have being (改为been) the chief incentive for the evolution of family structures. (p178.26) d. 表示一般性的陈述和客观规律的用一般现在时。 3. 语态：注意主动还是被动，如果是被动，要用be+动词过去分词，be的时态要与整个句子保持一致。 e.g. 1. Cameras of one type or another have been using (改为used) for more than a hundred years. (p98.29) 2. Gold can combined (改为can be combined) with silver in any proportion, but alloys with 50 to 60 percent silver are the strongest. (p111.20) 3. Since prehistoric times, artists have been (去掉been) arranged colors on surfaces in ways that express their ideas about people, the world, and religion. (p153.