2010-2012年宁乡县手足口病流行病学分析.docVIP

精品论文 参考文献 2010-2012年宁乡县手足口病流行病学分析 钟华 付家荣 　　湖南省宁乡县疾病预防控制中心 410600 　　摘要：目的 分析宁乡县手足口病的分布规律以及流行特征，为制定有效的防控策略提供科学依据。方法 采用描述性流行病学方法对2010-2012年宁乡县手足口病的发病资料进行分析。结果 2010-2012 年，宁乡县共报告手足口病例13003例，其中重症病例25例，死亡9例，年平均发病率为315.12/10万；全县各乡镇均有发病，其中以玉潭镇（城镇）发病率最高，为78.43/万，占发病总数的12.10%；手足口病在宁乡县全年均发，但有明显的季节性，高峰集中在4-7 月；患儿以散居儿童为主，占发病总数的88.26%；男性发病高于女性，男女性别比为1.61：1；主要集中在5岁及以下儿童为主，尤以3岁及以下儿童发病数最多，占病例总数85.36%；实验室报告诊断病例221例，病毒主要以EV71感染为主（占66.52%）。普通与重症病例的病原体构成（P＜0.05）和EV71的阳性检出率（P＜0.05）差异有统计学意义。结论 宁乡县手足口病4-7月高发，5岁以下、散居、男孩是手足口病的高发人群，病原学以EV71的阳性检出率最高。 　　关键词：手足口病；流行病学；分析；EV71 　　Abstract：Objective To investigate the epidemiological characteristics and distribution of Hand，foot and mouth disease（HFMD）in Ningxiang county. So as to provide a scientific basis for the prevention strategies of HFMD. Methods The data on HFMD incidence from 2010 to 2012 in Ningxiang county was analyzed with the method of descriptive epidemiology. Results 13003 cases of HFMD were reported in Ningxiang county from 2010 to 2012，including 25 severe cases and 9 deaths. The annual average incidence of HFMD in Ningxiang county was 315.12 /100000. All villages in Ningxiang county reported HFMD，while Yutan village had the highest annual incidence of 78.43/10000，accounting for 12.10% of the total incidence. There was a peak of incidence in the month of 4 to 7. The disease was mainly found in scattered children，accounting for 88.26% of the total incidence. The incidence rate in males was higher than in females and male-to-female sex ratio was 1.61：1. HFMD were mainly seen in children under the age of 5，especially in children under the age of 3，accounting for 85.36% of the total incidence. 221 laboratory diagnosed cases were reported from 2010 to 2012. The positive rate of enterovirus 71（EV71）was the highest（66.52%）. There were significant differences in pathogenic spectrum（P＜0.05）and positive rate of EV71（P＜0.05）between mild cases and severe cases. Conclusion The month of 4 to 7 were the high-occurrence seasons of HF