阅读理解突破(三).docVIP

阅读理解突破(三) 阅读理解突破(三) ——推理判断题 1．推理判断题的提问方式 (1)It can be inferred/concluded/seen from the passage that________. (2)Which of the following conclusions can we draw according to the passage? (3)In which of the following publications (出版物) would this passage most likely be printed? (4)The passage implies,but doesn’t directly state that________. (5)The writer suggests that________. (6)The author probably feels that________. (7)The author uses the example of...to show that________. (8)What’s the author’s attitude toward...? 2．推理判断题的解题策略 (1)严格按照阅读材料中所提供的信息进行推理,千万不要掺杂自己的主观想法或经验。 (2)如果某选项中的内容是阅读材料的简单重复,那它就不是推论,也就不是正确答案。 (3)如果某选项所表达的内容与经验相吻合,文中却没有涉及,那它属于主观臆断的结论,也不是正确答案。 (4)如果某个选项所表达的内容虽在文中提到,但很片面或很不完整,那也不是正确答案。 (5)文中的虚拟语气和情态动词(should,must,may,etc.)往往能流露出作者的弦外之音,这有助于我们确定正确答案。 (6)注意作者在文章中的措辞,比如作者在形容词前用了too,excessively,rather等,则常带有否定的口气。 (7)某些过渡词如however,but,on the contrary,what is more等后面所表达的内容往往能反映作者的观点和态度。 3．推理判断题类型及应对措施 (1)数据推理 解答此类题,关键是要善于捕捉有关数字信息,然后在透彻理解原文的字面意思和题意的基础上,运用自己的数学知识,对其进行分析、推理,从而得出正确答案。 (2)知识推理 知识推理题是根据文章中所阐述的细节,运用自己掌握的基础知识进行分析、推敲,从而得出符合文章原意的结论的一种推断方法。解答此类题,不仅需要我们有一定的社会基础知识,而且还需要对细节以及有关背景知识有一个充分的理解。 (3)逻辑推理 逻辑结论是指严格根据文章所陈述的事实、论点、例证等一系列论据材料进行推理,从而得出合乎逻辑的结论,而不是根据自己的经验、态度、观点或爱好去理解文章的内容。解答这类题的前提是首先获得短文的主题思想或列举的具体事实,然后按题意的要求进行 推断。 1 Most children,even the youngest children,are delighted to be around cats and dogs.But these pets carry plenty of germs and allergens (过敏原),prompting researchers to ask：Are cats and dogs really safe for children? A study finds that,contrary to many parents’ fears,owning cats or dogs does not increase a child’s risk of developing allergies,and in fact,may actually protect them.The study’s lead author,Dr. Dennis Ownby of the Medical College of Georgia,said that even he was “very surprised” by the results.Ownby and colleagues followed more than 470 children from birth to age 6 or 7,comparing those exposed to cats and dogs during their first years of life to those who were not. By using skin-prick tests for detecting common allergies,the resear