1535株非发酵革兰阴性杆菌的分布和耐药性.pdfVIP

·1096 · 中国热带医学 2012 年第12卷第9 期 China Tropical Medicine，September 2012 ，Vol. 12，No.9 ·论 著· 1 535 株非发酵革兰阴性杆菌的分布和耐药性分析 黎村艳，曹友德，蔡瑞云，李浩 摘要：目的 了解非发酵革兰阴性杆菌在湖南省人民医院的临床分布及耐药情况，为临床合理使用抗菌药物提供 依据。方法 采用常规方法进行细菌培养，使用ATB Expression 全自动细菌鉴定分析仪和配套的鉴定和药敏板鉴定菌 种盒进行药敏试验，部分抗生素采用K-B 纸片扩散法进行药敏试验。结果 2011 年5 月至2012 年3 月共分离出非发 酵菌1 535 株，依次为铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌、嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌,分别占42.8%、32.5%、8.6% 。各种临床标本中 以痰液标本的检出率最高(72.4 ％) 。药敏结果显示，分离的非发酵菌对所监测的抗菌药物均有不同程度耐药。ICU 病 房分离的非发酵菌的耐药率高于普通病房（P0.05）。结论 铜绿假单胞菌、鲍曼不动杆菌和嗜麦芽窄食单胞菌为医院 感染的主要非发酵革兰阴性杆菌，对抗菌药物的耐药性广泛，各种细菌之间耐药性差异较大，应加强病原学检测及药 敏试验，以减少细菌耐药性产生。 关键词：革兰氏阴性菌；非发酵菌；耐药率;感染 中图分类号：R378 文献标识码：A 文章编号：1009-9727(2012)9-1096-03 Distribution and drug resistance of 1 535 nonfermenters strains.LI Cun-yan, CAO You-de, CAI Rui-yun,et al.( DepartmentofClinicalLaborator,HunanProvincialPeople’sHospital,Changsha 410007,Hunan,P.R.China) Abstract:Objective To investigate the clinical distribution and drug resistance of nonfermenters in order to guide clini⁃ cal use of antibiotics.Methods The conventional methods were used for bacterial culture. ATB Expression bacteria identifica⁃ tion system was used to identify the bacteria and for antibiotics susceptibility test.Results A total of 1 535 nonfermenters strains were obtained from a variety of specimens during May 2011 to Mar 2012.Pseudomonas aeruginosa was on the top ac⁃ counted for 42.8%,,followed by Acinetobacter baumannii accounted for 32.5% and Stenotrophomonas mahophilia accounted for 8.6%. The isolation rate of nonfermenters was the highest from respiratory tract specimens(72.4 ％) ．These bacteria showed var⁃ ied resistances to all detected antibiotics. Antibiotics resistance of nonfermenters isolatied from ICU were