2013年度中高考英语语法.pptVIP

;什么叫形容词?;形容词的词形; ;一、形容词的种类、作用和位置; ; ; ;1.常用在名词之前或用在不定代词之后作定语 2.用在连系动词之后作表语 3.用在动词加宾语之后作宾语补足语 如： 1.What an interesting idea! 2.Beijing is a modern city. 3.I have five good friends. ; adj常跟在这些连系动词之后作表语：be feel seem look sound taste smell turn go become grow ; 某些动词如make，paint，keep，find，like，want等后接名词或代词作宾语，再接形容词作宾语补足语，补充说明宾语的状态、特征等。形容词和宾语一起构成复合宾语．有的已构成固定词组。;做宾补时可用到的形容词;二、副词的种类、作用和位置;什么是副词？;　　副词根据所表达的不同意义可将其分为以下几种： 1、时间和频度副词：now, then, often, always, early, today, already, soon, ago, yesterday等. 2、地点副词：here, there, everywhere, out, in, home, upstairs, above, below, inside等. 3、方式副词：carefully, politely, fast, well, extremely, anxiously等. ;4、程度副词：much, little, very, rather, too, rather, almost, so等. 5、疑问副词：how, where, when, why（放在特殊疑问句前） 6、关系副词：when, where, why（通常引导宾语从句） 7、连接副词：how, when, where, why, whether（通常引导定语从句） ;;副词的位置;修饰表语时，放在系动词（is/am/are）之后。如：She is out at the moment.;频度副词;;时间副词和地点副词;方式副词;程度副词;形容词和副词比较级和最高级的构成;规则变化 单音节词和少数双音节词 1) 一般情况加 – er 或 – est fast – faster – fastest high – higher – highest clever – cleverer – cleverest 2) 以字母 e 结尾加 –r 或 –st fine – finer – finest late – later – latest nice – nicer – nicest;3) 重读闭音节、末尾只有一个辅音 字母时双写加 –er 或 –est fat – fatter – fattest big – bigger – biggest thin – thinner – thinnest 4) 以辅音字母加 y 结尾变 y 为 i 加 –er 或 –est early – earlier – earliest easy – easier – easiest lucky – luckier – luckiest ;规则变化 部???双音节和多音节词 在词前加 more 或 most slowly - more slowly - most slowly easily - more easily - most easily carefully - more carefully - most carefully ;不规则变化 1. good/well – better – best 2.many/much – more – most 3.little – less – least 4.far – farther – farthest ( far – further – furthest ) 5. bad/badly/ill – worse – worst;但有少数几个形容词无比较级和最高级。如：excellent, wonderful, favorite等。;注意：1.在含有形容词的比较级句子中，对两个相